Cardiotonics Flashcards
1
Q
CHF Forward Failure
A
- Systolic dysfunction; unable to pump blood forward resulting in reduced cardiac output (CO)
2
Q
CHF Backward Failure
A
- Diastolic dysfunction; ventricle is unable to relax to permit proper filling of blood resulting in cardiac/pulmonary congestion
3
Q
Pathophysiology Chart of CHF
A
4
Q
Classification and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure Chart
A
5
Q
Inotropic Drugs
A
- Modifying the force or speed of contraction of muscles
- Digoxin
- Dobutamine
- Milrinone
6
Q
Digoxin MOA
A
- Inhibition of Na/K ATPase
*pos. inotropic effect
*neg. chronotropic effect: vagal stimulation
7
Q
Effects of Digoxin on Electrical Properties of Cardiac Tissues Chart
A
8
Q
Digoxin MOA Illustration
A
9
Q
Digoxin Pharmacokinetics
A
- Medium lipid solubility; good oral bioavailability (75%); t1/2: 40hrs; percentage metabolized: <40%
10
Q
Digoxin Clinical Uses
A
- Effective for pts. w/ systolic dysfunction
11
Q
Digoxin Adverse Effects/Toxicity
A
- Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea
- Visual disturbances
- CNS- headache, confusion, hallucinations
- Electrolyte interaction
*hypokalemia
*hyperkalemia
*hypercalcemia
- Cardiac arrhythmias: AV block, PVC’s, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation
12
Q
Treatment of Digoxin Toxicity
A
- K+ salts, antiarrhythmics, digoxin immune fab
13
Q
Digoxin Drug Interactions
A
- Diuretics, quinidine
14
Q
Dobutamine MOA
A
- Beta adrenergic drug
- Stimulates beta-1 adrenergic receptors and increases cardiac contractility; enhance intracellular calcium in myocytes
15
Q
Milrinone MOA
A
- Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor
- Inhibit degradation of cAMP resulting in increased myocardial contractility
16
Q
Stages of Heart Failure
A
