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chivon's NASM > Cardiorespiratory System > Flashcards

Cardiorespiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

what is the resting heart rate of an average adult?

A

70-80bpm

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2
Q

3 types of blood vessels?

A

arteries ( carry blood away from heart)
veins (carries blood back to the heart)
capillaries (exchange sites of water and chemicals in tissues)

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3
Q

The airway, lungs, and respiratory muscles that work together to move oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out

A

Respiratory (pulmonary) system

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4
Q

what are the two phases of breathing?

A

inhalation (in) and exhalation (out)

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5
Q

inspiratory ventilation

A

Active contraction of muscles to increase thoracic cavity volume; thus, decreasing interpulmonary pressure and drawing air into the lungs

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6
Q

Active or passive contraction of muscles, causing inspiratory muscles to relax and air to move out of the body

A

expiratory ventilation

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7
Q

what are the primary respiratory muscles used during light breathing?

A

diaphragm and external intercostals

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8
Q

what are the secondary respiratory muscles used for heavy breathing?

A

scalenes and pectoralis minor

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9
Q

Location where gasses such as oxygen and carbon dioxide travel in and out of the blood stream

A

alveoli

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10
Q

What is the typical resting oxygen consumption for healthy adults - aka, 1 metabolic equivalent (MET)?

A

3.5 mL per kg of bodyweight per minute

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11
Q

The best measure of cardiorespiratory fitness: the highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization during maximal effort exercise

A

maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max)

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12
Q

What is a way to predict VO2max without expensive lab equipment?

A

Submaximal exercise tests, such as the Rockport walk test and step test

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13
Q

what are the consequences of poor breathing patterns?

A

Headaches, increased anxiety, fatigue, poor sleep, poor circulation

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14
Q

cardiovascular system

A

A system of the body composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels

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15
Q

Respiratory system

A

A system of the body composed of the lungs and respiratory passageways that collects oxygen from the external environmental and transports it to the blood stream

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16
Q

What is the main difference between skeletal and cardiac muscle?

A

Cardiac muscle is involuntary and cannot be consciously controlled

17
Q

Sinoatrial (SA) node

A

“pacemaker of the heart”, responsible for rhythmic contraction of the myocardial cells

18
Q

structure of the heart that delays the contraction impulse before sending it to the ventricles

A

Atrioventricular (AV) node

19
Q

receives deoxygenated blood from the body

A

right atrium

20
Q

sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs

A

right ventricle and then through the pulmonary artery

21
Q

Receives oxygenated blood from the lung

A

left atrium

22
Q

Sends oxygenated blood to the body

A

left ventricle and then through the Aorta

23
Q

Smaller, superiorly located chambers that gather blood returning to the heart

A

atria

24
Q

Larger, inferiorly located chambers that pump blood out of the heart

A

ventricles

25
Q

What separates the chambers of the heart and major arteries and veins & prevents backflow?

A

valves

26
Q

stroke volume

A

amount of blood pumped with each contraction

27
Q

heart rate (pulse)

A

the rate at which the heart beats

28
Q

what is the average resting heart rate for an untrained adult?

A

70-80bpm

29
Q

Cells suspended in plasma containing glucose, hormones, and clotting agents

A

blood

30
Q

what are the 3 types of blood cells?

A

red blood cells (oxygen)
white blood cells (immune)
platelets (clotting)

31
Q

what are the three functions of blood?

A

ransports nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and waste products; regulates body temperature, pH, and cellular water content; protects against blood loss by clotting, and fights foreign pathogens and toxins

32
Q

closed circuit of hollow tubes that transport blood to and from the heart

A

blood vessels

33
Q

mediastinum

A

space in chest between the lungs that contains all internal organs of chest except the lungs

34
Q

cardiac output (Q)

A

heart rate x stroke volume; the overall performance of the heart

35
Q

diffusion

A

process of getting O2 from environment to the tissues of the body

36
Q

when should the three measurements for resting heart rate be taken?

A

at the same time each day upon waking.

37
Q

Composed of skeletal structures (bones) and soft tissues (muscles) that work together to allow
proper respiratory mechanics to occur and help pump blood back to the heart during inspiration

A

respiratory pump

38
Q

state how blood flows through the heart

A

Right atria, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, left atria, left ventricle, aorta, body, and then back again.

chivon's NASM (4 decks)

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