Cardiorespiratory System

Question 1

what is the resting heart rate of an average adult?

Answer 1

70-80bpm

Question 2

3 types of blood vessels?

Answer 2

arteries ( carry blood away from heart)
veins (carries blood back to the heart)
capillaries (exchange sites of water and chemicals in tissues)

Question 3

The airway, lungs, and respiratory muscles that work together to move oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out

Answer 3

Respiratory (pulmonary) system

Question 4

what are the two phases of breathing?

Answer 4

inhalation (in) and exhalation (out)

Question 5

inspiratory ventilation

Answer 5

Active contraction of muscles to increase thoracic cavity volume; thus, decreasing interpulmonary pressure and drawing air into the lungs

Question 6

Active or passive contraction of muscles, causing inspiratory muscles to relax and air to move out of the body

Answer 6

expiratory ventilation

Question 7

what are the primary respiratory muscles used during light breathing?

Answer 7

diaphragm and external intercostals

Question 8

what are the secondary respiratory muscles used for heavy breathing?

Answer 8

scalenes and pectoralis minor

Question 9

Location where gasses such as oxygen and carbon dioxide travel in and out of the blood stream

Answer 9

alveoli

Question 10

What is the typical resting oxygen consumption for healthy adults - aka, 1 metabolic equivalent (MET)?

Answer 10

3.5 mL per kg of bodyweight per minute

Question 11

The best measure of cardiorespiratory fitness: the highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization during maximal effort exercise

Answer 11

maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max)

Question 12

What is a way to predict VO2max without expensive lab equipment?

Answer 12

Submaximal exercise tests, such as the Rockport walk test and step test

Question 13

what are the consequences of poor breathing patterns?

Answer 13

Headaches, increased anxiety, fatigue, poor sleep, poor circulation

Question 14

cardiovascular system

Answer 14

A system of the body composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels

Question 15

Respiratory system

Answer 15

A system of the body composed of the lungs and respiratory passageways that collects oxygen from the external environmental and transports it to the blood stream

Question 16

What is the main difference between skeletal and cardiac muscle?

Answer 16

Cardiac muscle is involuntary and cannot be consciously controlled

Question 17

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Answer 17

“pacemaker of the heart”, responsible for rhythmic contraction of the myocardial cells

Question 18

structure of the heart that delays the contraction impulse before sending it to the ventricles

Answer 18

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Question 19

receives deoxygenated blood from the body

Answer 19

right atrium

Question 20

sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Answer 20

right ventricle and then through the pulmonary artery

Question 21

Receives oxygenated blood from the lung

Answer 21

left atrium

Question 22

Sends oxygenated blood to the body

Answer 22

left ventricle and then through the Aorta

Question 23

Smaller, superiorly located chambers that gather blood returning to the heart

Answer 23

atria

Question 24

Larger, inferiorly located chambers that pump blood out of the heart

Answer 24

ventricles

Question 25

What separates the chambers of the heart and major arteries and veins & prevents backflow?

Answer 25

valves

Question 26

stroke volume

Answer 26

amount of blood pumped with each contraction

Question 27

heart rate (pulse)

Answer 27

the rate at which the heart beats

Question 28

what is the average resting heart rate for an untrained adult?

Answer 28

70-80bpm

Question 29

Cells suspended in plasma containing glucose, hormones, and clotting agents

Answer 29

blood

Question 30

what are the 3 types of blood cells?

Answer 30

red blood cells (oxygen) white blood cells (immune) platelets (clotting)

Question 31

what are the three functions of blood?

Answer 31

ransports nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and waste products; regulates body temperature, pH, and cellular water content; protects against blood loss by clotting, and fights foreign pathogens and toxins

Question 32

closed circuit of hollow tubes that transport blood to and from the heart

Answer 32

blood vessels

Question 33

mediastinum

Answer 33

space in chest between the lungs that contains all internal organs of chest except the lungs

Question 34

cardiac output (Q)

Answer 34

heart rate x stroke volume; the overall performance of the heart

Question 35

diffusion

Answer 35

process of getting O2 from environment to the tissues of the body

Question 36

when should the three measurements for resting heart rate be taken?

Answer 36

at the same time each day upon waking.

Question 37

Composed of skeletal structures (bones) and soft tissues (muscles) that work together to allow proper respiratory mechanics to occur and help pump blood back to the heart during inspiration

Answer 37

respiratory pump

Question 38

state how blood flows through the heart

Answer 38

Right atria, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, left atria, left ventricle, aorta, body, and then back again.