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Exercise Phys: Final > Cardiorespiratory Fitness > Flashcards

Cardiorespiratory Fitness Flashcards

1
Q

As a PT, is a preparticipation screen prior to exercise necessary?

A

yes

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2
Q

What are modifiable CVD risk factors?

A
  • physical inactivity
  • hypertension
  • high cholesterol
  • diabetes
  • smoking
  • obesity/overweight

WE CAN INFLUENCE THESE!

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3
Q

What are emerging CVD risk factors?

A
  • nutrition
  • alcohol
  • stress
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4
Q

What are major CVD risk factors?

A
  • age
  • male gender
  • family history
  • race (non-white)
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5
Q

An increased cardiorespiratory fitness level, ____________ CVD risk.

A

decreases

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6
Q

What are heart attack symptoms in men?

A
  • nausea or vomiting
  • jaw, neck or back pain
  • squeezing chest pressure or pain
  • shortness of breath
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7
Q

What are heart attack symptoms in women?

A
  • nausea or vomiting
  • jaw, neck or upper back pain
  • chest pain (BUT NOT ALWAYS)
  • pain or pressure in LOWER CHEST or UPPER ABDOMEN
  • shortness of breath
  • fainting
  • indigestion
  • extreme fatigue
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8
Q

What is the acronym for a stroke?

A

B alance difficulties
E yesight changes

F acial weakness
A rm weakness
S peech difficulties
T ime

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9
Q

What energy systems are used during anaerobic exercise?

A

ATP-PC & anaerobic glycolysis

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10
Q

How long is anaerobic exercise?

A

30 to 90 seconds

QUICK AND FAST!

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11
Q

What energy systems are used during aerobic exercise?

A

oxidative

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12
Q

How long is aerobic exercise?

A

> 2 minutes

LONG AND SLOW(ER)!

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13
Q

Maximal Aerobic Capacity (VO2max or aerobic endurance)

A

maximum amount of O2 that can be taken in and utilized during exercise

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14
Q

Lactate (anaerobic) threshold

A

%VO2max in which blood lactate levels begin to rise

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15
Q

In trained individuals, what percent of HRmax is their lactate threshold?

A

85-90%

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16
Q

Maximal Lactate Steady State

A

lactate production = lactate clearance

17
Q

What is the best indicator of aerobic performance?

A

maximal lactate steady state

18
Q

What are contraindications to exercise?

A
  • resting HR > 100 or < 50 bpm
  • resting SBP > 200 or < 90 mmHg
  • resting DBP > 110 mmHg
  • oxygen saturation < 90%
  • shortness of breath, angina, severe headache, sudden onset of numbness or weakness, painful calf (DVT)
19
Q

What are signs that you should STOP exercise immediately>

A
  • angina
  • drop in SBP below baseline
  • signs of poor perfusion: light headedness, confusion, ataxia, pallor, cyanosis, nausea, cold/clammy skin
  • failure of HR to rise as intensity of exercise increases
  • change in heart rhythm
20
Q

What increases the risk of cardiac event?

A
  • age
  • exercise intensity
  • CVD
  • exertional symptoms
  • decreased fitness
21
Q

How can you reduce cardiac events?

A
  • teach patients sign/symptoms
  • screen prior to participation
  • have a plan in place (AED)

START LOW & GO SLOW!

22
Q

What is the criteria for a true VO2max?

A
  • plateau in VO2 despite increased work rate
  • RER > 1.15
  • within 10 bpm of age-predicted HR
  • RPE > 17 (on 6 to 20 scale)
23
Q

What is considered a peak VO2max?

A

when an individual gives it all they got, but they didn’t meet any of the criteria for a true VO2max

24
Q

What is the goal for a submaximal test?

A

determine HR response to submaximal work rates & predict VO2max

25
Q

What are examples of cardiorespiratory fitness tests?

A
  • 6 minute walk test
  • bruce treadmill exercise test
  • YMCA step test
26
Q

To see gains in aerobic endurance, healthy individuals must train at __________ % HRmax.

A

greater than or equal to 70%

27
Q

To see gains in aerobic endurance, deconditioned individuals should train at ____________% HRmax.

A

greater than or equal to 40%

28
Q

equation to determine age-predicted HRmax

A

211 - 0.64(age)

29
Q

equation to determine heart rate reserve (HRR)

A

HRmax - HRrest

30
Q

equation to determine target HR (karvonean method)

A

= (HRR x % intensity) + HRrest

31
Q

In cardiorespiratory fitness, moderate intensity is considered ______ to ____% HRR.

A

40 to 59

32
Q

In cardiorespiratory fitness, vigorous intensity is considered _______ to _____ % HRR.

A

60 to 89

33
Q

Calculate target HR.

50 yo
HRrest = 60
exercise intensity = 60 - 70%

A

131 bpm - 143 bpm

34
Q

When progressing cardiorespiratory exercise, what should you refrain from doing?

A

increasing all three variables (frequency, intensity, time) all at once

SAFER to increase at one time!

35
Q

For non-athletes, aim for _______ minutes a week, but if not what should we aim for?

A

150 minutes

BUT settle for ANY amount of aerobic training!

36
Q

How can we promote aerobic activity within the clinic?

A
  • limit idle time
  • increase # of reps
  • decrease rest periods
    FACILITATE BEHAVIORAL CHANGE
  • set goals & monitor progress
37
Q

How can we promote aerobic activity outside the clinic?

A
  • connect patient w/other programs or providers
  • provide a HEP
  • encourage a follow up
38
Q

Is exercise testing necessary in children?

A

no

unless there is a health concern

39
Q

What is a special consideration when working w/children?

A

heat-related injury

Exercise Phys: Final (4 decks)

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