Cardiorespiratory

Question 1

Sinoatrial Node (SA)

Answer 1

Area of cardiac tissue located in the right atrium which indicates the electrical impulses that determine the heart rate (pacemaker of the heart)

Question 2

Atrioventricular Node (AV)

Answer 2

Small mass of cardiac muscle fibers located in the wall of the right atrium that receives heartbeat impulses from the SA node and directs them to the walls of the ventricles.

Question 3

Atrium

Answer 3

The superior chamber that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricles

Question 4

Ventricles

Answer 4

The inferior chamber of the heart that receives blood from its corresponding atrium and forces it into the arteries.

Question 5

Stroke Volume

Answer 5

Amount of blood pumped out with each contraction

Question 6

Cardiac Output

Answer 6

heart rate x stroke volume: the overall performance of the heart

Question 7

Arteries

Answer 7

vessels that transport blood away from the heart

Question 8

Capillaries

Answer 8

the smallest blood vessels, and the site of exchange of chemicals and water between the blood and the tissues.

Question 9

arterioles

Answer 9

small terminal branches of the artery which end in capillaries

Question 10

venules

Answer 10

the very small veins that connect capillaries to the larger veins

Question 11

respiratory system

Answer 11

system of organs that collect oxygen from the external environment and transports it to the bloodstream – Lungs and Respiratory Passageways

Question 12

respiratory pump

Answer 12

Bones and Muscles that work together to allow proper breathing

Question 13

inspiration

Answer 13

the process of actively contracting the inspiratory muscles to move air into the body

Question 14

expiration

Answer 14

the process of actively or passively relaxing the inspiratory muscles to move the air out of the body

Question 15

Respiratory Pump - Bones

Answer 15

Sternum
Ribs
Vertebrae

Question 16

Respiratory Pump - Muscles - Inspiration

Answer 16

Diaphragm - primary respiratory muscle
External Intercostals
Scalenes
Sternocleidomastoid
Pectoralis Minor

Question 17

Respiratory Pump - Muscles - Expiration

Answer 17

Internal Intercostals

Abdominals

Question 18

Diffusion

Answer 18

the process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body

Question 19

Conducting Airways

Answer 19

Nasal Cavity
Oral Cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Right and Left Pulmonary Bronchi
Bronchioles

Question 20

Respiratory Airways

Answer 20

Alveoli

Alveolar Sacs

Question 21

Heart Functions in Cardiorespiratory System

Answer 21

Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries. Pulmonary capillaries surround the alveolar sacs, and as oxygen fills the sacs it diffuses across the capillary membranes and into the blood. The oxygenated blood then returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins, from which it is pumped into the left ventricle and out to the tissues of the body.

Question 22

Maximal Oxygen COnsumption (VO2max)

Answer 22

The highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion

Question 23

Right Atrium

Answer 23

Gathers deoxygenated blood

Question 24

Left Ventricle

Answer 24

Receives oxygenated blood

Question 25

Aorta

Answer 25

Largest blood vessel in the body

Question 26

Intercalated discs

Answer 26

Differentiates cardiac muscles from skeletal muscles

Question 27

Scalenes

Answer 27

Secondary respiratory muscles inspiratory ventilation relies on during heavy or forced breathing.

Question 28

Fick Equation

Answer 28

Product of cardiac output times the arterial-venous difference

Question 29

Step Test

Answer 29

Submaximal exercise test used to predict maximal oxygen consumption

Question 30

VO2max

Answer 30

Best measure of cardiorespiratory fitness

Question 31

Abnormal breathing pattern

Answer 31

inadequate oxygen and retention of metabolic waste that creates fatigued muscles