Cardiopulmonary Systems Evaluation

Question 1

5 vital signs

Answer 1

HR
RR
BP
Temp
Pain

Question 2

Things to consider

Answer 2

dyspnea
palpations
syncope
pain w/ sweats
cough
chest pain
peripheral edema
cold hands/feet
open wounds
skin discolorations

Question 3

Orthopnea

Answer 3

SOB related to position (supine)

- CHF, mitral valve regurgitation, asthma, COPD

Question 4

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)

Answer 4

sudden arousal at night w/ SOB

Question 5

Severe & at rest dyspnea…

Answer 5

Pulmonary embolism

Spontaneous pneumothorax

Question 6

Palpations

Answer 6

Frequency & Duration?
Associated symptoms?
- chest pain, lightheadedness, dyspnea, diaphoresis
Falls
- blackouts & fainting (syncope) vs. trip or loss of balance
Family history
- sudden death?

Question 7

Peripheral Edema

Answer 7

Associated w/ venous insufficiency, CHF, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary HTN
Bilateral?
- CHF is likely
- present in jugular veins
Is it pitting?
Slow vs. fast onset
Associated sings
- pain, cyanoisis, jaundice, redness...

Question 8

Leg pain

Answer 8

weak or absent femoral/popliteal/posterior tibial/dorsalis pedis pulses?

Question 9

Cough

Answer 9

Chronic > 3 wks
Cause?
Productive… Hemoptysis (blood)

Question 10

Digital clubbing

Answer 10

cyanotic blue nail beds
bulbous fingertips
chronic hypoxemia

Question 11

Wheezing

Answer 11

Abnormal respiratory sound
- high pitch, partial obstruction

Static Asthmatics (severe, emergency)

Question 12

Emphysema

Answer 12

hypertrophy of accessory muscles

Scalene/Sternocleiodomastoid

Question 13

Fever

Answer 13

> 99.5 for > 2wks

Red flag is >102 for several days

Question 14

HR

Answer 14

Common is carotid (clinician)
Radial (self)

Depends on consistency… 15 sec or 1 min

Normal 60-100

w/ associated symptoms: angina, diaphoresis, SOB, nausea

Question 15

BP

Answer 15

HTN dx over multiple visits
systolic >180
diastolic >110

w/ associated symptoms: dizziness, headache, nausea, blurry vision

Question 16

RR

Answer 16

10-14/min or 12-18/min

Elevated rate may be red flag if associated with angina, light headedness, weakness, wheezing

Question 17

Patient descriptors: Cardiac

Answer 17

ache
heaviness
epigastric acid indigestion
numbness
fatigue

pressure
dull ache
burning

Question 18

Patient descriptors: Pulmonary

Answer 18

sharp
ventilatory movements
stabbing

pressure
dull

Question 19

Patient descriptors: Venous

Answer 19

throbbing
tender
heaviness

burning
cramping

Question 20

Patient descriptors: Arterial

Answer 20

tightness

squeezing pressure
deep ache
burning
cramping