cardiomyopathy

Question 1

what is cardiomyopathy

Answer 1

cardio- heart
myo- muscle
pathy- disorder
can occur in ventricles or atria

Question 2

3 common forms of cardiomyopathy?

Answer 2

hypertrophic
dilated
restrictive

Question 3

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Answer 3

thickened SEPTUM
-decreased chamber size
MOST common
mostly LEFT ventricle
muscle cells in wall INCREASE in SIZE
chamber cannot fill with as much blood= decreased CO
-thickened septum restricts aortic valve so blood cannot leave ventricle!

Question 4

etiology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Answer 4

50% autosomal dominant gene transferred to offspring

50% idiopathic

Question 5

manifestations of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Answer 5

most cases ASYMPTOMATIC
-because systolic function is normal
-can lead to SUDDEN death
if symptoms present: dyspnea, angina, syncope (fainting)

Question 6

treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Answer 6

• negative inotrope (decrease workload)
• surgery (remove area obstructing aortic valve)
• alcohol septal ablation (introduce catheter and insert alcohol to small portion of heart muscle to kill obstruction)

Question 7

what is dilated cardiomyopathy?

Answer 7

wall is stretched, LOST elasticity= LARGE chamber
AKA congestive cardiomyopathy b/c blood fills chamber, pools and moves out slowly
-ENOURMOUS ventricular enlargement (can be atria too)
decreased elasticity= DECREASED CO, decreased ejection fraction

Question 8

what is ejection fraction

Answer 8

percent of blood leaving in each contraction

Question 9

dilated cardiomyopathy eventually leads to

Answer 9

heart failure

Question 10

etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy?

Answer 10

complex trait and genetic and environmental factors

Question 11

what is restricted cardiomyopathy?

Answer 11

WORST TYPE, least common
HARD rigid walls (decreased elasticity and ability to contract)
heart muscle is RIGID which prevents proper fillying and emptying of chambers
DECREASED CO