Cardiomyopathies Flashcards
What is the most common type of cardiomyopathy?
Dilated cardiomyopathy
List the types cardiomyopathy with systolic dysfunction
Dilated cardiomyopathy
List the types cardiomyopathy with diastolic dysfunction
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Hallmark: ventricular dilation with decreased
contractile function
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Most common cause (90%) of dilated cardiomyopathy
Idiopathic
List the causes of dilated cardiomyopathy
Idiopathic - most common
genetic
viral/inflammatory (myocarditis)
toxic
metabolic
post partum
major catecholamine discharge
Common agents/causes for viral dilated cardiomyopathy
Coxsackievirus Group B
Adenovirus
Hallmark: hypercontractility (extremely powerful) requires a stronger atrial contraction to deliver inflow of blood
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
What are the two classifications of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
With LV outflow obstruction
Without LV outflow obstruction
What is the most common type of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
With LV outflow obstruction
Auscultation of HCM
S4 – severe hypertrophy
Double apical impulse (Can also feel a double tap in the carotids)
How do you differentiate HCM and Aortic Stenosis?
Squatting - Opposite reaction with squatting
HCM – murmur decreases with squatting
AS – murmur increases with squatting
Mainstay of HCM treatment
Beta Blockers
Hallmark: Abnormally rigid ventricles with impaired diastolic filling
Ventricles not necessarily thickened
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy
Fibrosis or scarring of endomyocardium
Post-radiation
Post open heart procedures
DM
Infiltration of myocardium by abnormal substance (sarcoidosis, scleroderma, etc)
