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ABIM 2016 High-Yield Quick Facts > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Opening Snap

A

Mitral Stenosis

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2
Q

Mid-Systolic Click

A

Mitral Valve Prolapse

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3
Q

Pulsus Tardus

A

Aortic Stenosis

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4
Q

Pulsus Paradoxus

A

Cardiac Tamponade, SVC obs, Pulm obs

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5
Q

Canon ‘a’ waves

A

Complete Heart Block, VTach

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6
Q

Large ‘a’ waves

A

Tricuspid Stenosis, Pulmonic Stenosis, RVH

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7
Q

Rapid ‘x’ descent

A

Cardiac Tamponade, Constrictive Pericarditis

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8
Q

Large ‘v’ waves

A

Tricuspid Regurgitation

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9
Q

Rapid ‘y’ descent

A

Constrictive Pericarditis

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10
Q

Rapid ‘x’ and ‘y’ descent

A

Constrictive Pericarditis

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11
Q

A2 before P2

A

Physiologic Splitting of S2 (During Inspiration)

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12
Q

Single S2 during expiration

A

Physiologic

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13
Q

P2 before A2

A

Paradoxic Splitting of S2

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14
Q

Paradoxic Splitting of S2

A

Aortic Stenosis, LBBB, HTN

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15
Q

Fixed Splitting of S2

A

Atrial Septal Defect

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16
Q

Calcified Aortic Stenosis

A

Single S2 with Soft A2

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17
Q

Loud A2

A

HTN

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18
Q

Loud P2

A

Pulmonary HTN

19
Q

Pulsus Bisferiens

A

HOCM

20
Q

Pulsus Alternans

A

Severe CHF

21
Q

Hyperkinetic Pulse

A

High Output States: PDA, Thyrotoxicosis

22
Q

Hypokinetic Pulse

A

Low Output States

23
Q

Right 2nd IC Space

A

Aortic Stenosis, Aortic Insufficiency/Regurgitation

24
Q

Left 2nd IC Space

A

Pulmonic Stenosis, Pulmonic Regurgitation, PDA

25
Q

Left 3rd IC Space

A

PDA

26
Q

Apex

A

Mitral Stenosis, Mitral Regurgitation

27
Q

Left Lower Sternal Border

A

Tricuspid Stenosis, Tricuspid Regurgitation, ASD, VSD, HOCM

28
Q

Murmurs from Outflow from Ventricles

A

Systolic Murmurs

29
Q

Holosystolic Murmur

A

Mitral Regurtitation, Tricuspid Regurgitation (AV valves)

30
Q

Mid-Systolic Murmur

A

Aortic Stenosis, Pulmonic Stenosis (V Valves)

31
Q

Late-Systolic Murmur

A

Mitral Valve Prolapse

32
Q

Murmurs from Inflow to Ventricles

A

Diastolic Murmurs

33
Q

Mid-Diastolic Murmur

A

Mitral Stenosis, Tricuspid Stenosis (AV Valves)

34
Q

Early-Diastolic Murmur

A

Aortic Regurgitation, Pulmonic Regurgitation (V Valves)

35
Q

Continuous Murmur

A

PDA

36
Q

Normal Right Atrial Pressure

A

0-5

37
Q

Normal Right Ventricular Pressure

A

13-28/0-5

38
Q

Normal Pulmonary Arterial Pressure

A

12-28/3-13

39
Q

Normal PCWP

A

3-12

40
Q

Conditions with High PCWP

A

Left Heart Disease (MS, MR, AS, AR, LV dysfunction such as AWMI)

41
Q

Conditions with Normal PCWP

A

Right Heart Disease (RV Infarct, PE, Pulm HTN)

42
Q

Normal PCWP, Normal PAP, High RA/RV pressures

A

RV Infarct

43
Q

High RA/RV & PAP, VERY High PCWP

A

LV Infarct

44
Q

High but Equal Pressures on Swan-Ganz

A

Cardiac Tamponade

ABIM 2016 High-Yield Quick Facts (8 decks)

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