Cardiology

Question 1

Patient has a fever and pleuritic chest pain that is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward?

Answer 1

Pericarditis

Question 2

Irregularly irregular pulse

Answer 2

Atrial Fibrillation

Question 3

ECG has a saw tooth baseline + 150 bpM

Answer 3

Atrial flutter

Question 4

Alveolar bat wing’s, Kerley B lines, cardiomegaly, dilated prominent upper lobe vessels,

Answer 4

Pulmonary Oedema

Question 5

Raised JVP/ hepatojugular reflex

Answer 5

Right sided heart failure

Question 6

Sense of impending doom

Answer 6

MI

Question 7

Saddle shaped ST elevation

Answer 7

Pericarditis

Question 8

Broad complex tachycardia

Answer 8

Ventricular problem

Question 9

Mid-diastolic murmur, with a tapping, undisplaced apex

Answer 9

Mitral stenosis

Question 10

Broad QRS with broad upstroke on R wave (delta wave)

Answer 10

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

Question 11

Tall tented T wave with wide QRS complex

Answer 11

Hyperkalaemia

Question 12

Patient gets pericarditis 4-6 weeks after MI

Answer 12

Dressler’s syndrome

Question 13

Blurred yellowing vision headache

Answer 13

Digoxin toxicity

Question 14

Janeway lesions/ Osler’s nodes

Answer 14

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

Question 15

Continous machine like heart murmur

Answer 15

Patent Ductus Arteriosis

Question 16

Rib notching on CXR

Answer 16

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 17

Crescendo Decrescendo murmur

Answer 17

Aortic Stenosis

Question 18

Diminished/ absent lower limb pulses

Answer 18

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 19

Are mitral regurgitation and aortic stenosis systolic or diastolic?

Answer 19

Systolic (MRS ASS)

Question 20

Reversible causes of cardiac arrest?

Answer 20

Hypovolaemia
Hypothermia
Hyperkalaemia/hypokalaemia
Hypoxia
Tamponade
Tension pneumothorax
Thromboembolism
Toxin
(4 H's and 4 T's)

Question 21

Features of acute limb ischaemia?

Answer 21

Pale,Pulseless, Painful, Paralysed, Paraesthetic, Perishingly cold (6 P’s)

Question 22

Radio-femoral delay?

Answer 22

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 23

Radio-radial delay?

Answer 23

Coarctation or aortic dissection

Question 24

Systolic murmur that radiates to the neck?

Answer 24

Aortic stenosis

Question 25

Sudden tearing/ ripping chest pain that radiates to the back

Answer 25

Aortic Dissection

Question 26

Causes of irregularly irregular pulse?

Answer 26

``` A Alcohol Abuse T Thyroid Disease R Rheumatic Heart Disease I Ischemic Heart Disease A Atrial Myxoma L Lung (Pulmonary Embolism, Emphysema) ``` F Pheochromocytoma I Idiopathic B Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

Question 27

4 anatomical abnormalities of the heart in tetralogy of fallot?

Answer 27

Pulmonary stenosis ventricular septal defect overriding aorta right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 28

ACEI side effects?

Answer 28

``` Cough Angioneurotic oedema Proteinuria Taste disturbance Other (e.g. fatigue, headache) Potassium raised Renal impairment Itch Lower blood pressure (CATOPRIL) ```

Question 29

Contraindications to ACEI?

Answer 29

``` Pregnancy Allergy/Angioedema Renal artery stenosis/Renal failure K - Hyperkalemia (potassium > 5.5) (PARK) ```

Question 30

Are right sided murmurs louder on inspiration or expiration?

Answer 30

Right sided murmurs are louder on Inspiration Left sided murmurs are louder on Expiration (RILE)