Cardiology Flashcards
A NP hears a pan-systolic/holosystolic murmurs. Name the murmur and type of murmur.
Systolic murmur
Mitral regurgitation
A NP hears a murmur at the apex of the heart and radiates to the axillae. It is loud and high pitch- blowing. The NP has to use the diaphragm to hear it. Name the murmur and type
Mitral regurgitation ( Most common regurg) Systolic murmur
A NP is caring for a patient with dehydration. The NP hears a murmur but after hydration the murmur is gone. Name the murmur and the type.
Physiologic Murmur
Systolic
A Np hears a murmur at the 2nd ICS at the right sternal border. Radiating to the neck. It sounds harsh and noisy.
Name the murmur and the type.
Systolic murmur
Aortic Stenosis
Common in elderly due to calcification
What are some things that are associated with a aortic stenosis?
Sudden Cardiac Death LVH Congenital defect in kids Rheumatic fever Angina Syncope
A NP hears a Mid to late systolic click. Name that murmur
Systolic
MVP
A Np hears a blowing high-pitched murmur. It is located at the 2 ICS right sternal border. Name that Murmur
Diastolic
Aortic Regurgitation
A NP hears a opening snap crescendo murmur. It is located at the apex of the heart. Name the murmur
Diastolic
Mitral Stenosis
Name all the Systolic murmurs
MR ASS PM MVP
Mitral Regurgitation
Aortic Stenosis
Physiologic Murmur
Mitral Valve Prolasp
Name all your diastolic murmurs
MS ARDS. OR ARMS
Mitral Stenosis
Aortic Regurgitation
Grade it: Barely audible
Grade: 1
Grade it: audible but faint
Grade 2
Grade it: Moderately loud: easily heard
Grade 3
Grade it: Loud; associated with thrill
Grade 4
Grade it: Vert loud; heard one corner of the stethoscope off the wall.
Grade 5
Grade it: loudest; heard with out a stethoscope
Grade 6
A NP hears a S3 gallop or ventricular gallop? What is this associated with?
CHF
Pregnancy
Benign in adolescent athletes
Thyrotoxicosis
A NP hears a atrial gallop or atrial kick at the apex of the heart. Bell used. Name it. What is it associated with?
LVH
Normal in elderly
Poorly controlled HTN
Unstable angina
What is associated with a split S2 heard at the pulmonic area?
Health athlete
A NP is working in the ER. A patient is have a STEMI. A NP know what are the absolute contraindication for TPA?
Intracranial hemorrhage Cerebral vascular lesion Neoplasm Ischemic stoke with last 3 months Severe uncontrolled HTN
A patient is experiencing a STEMI. What are some relative contraindications for TPA?
Chronic uncontrolled HTN Ischemic stroke less than 3 months CPR compressions Mayor surgery with the last 3 weeks Recent internal bleeding 2-4 weeks ago Pregnancy Active PUD bleed Oral anticoagulation therapy
What will you see in a patient with hypertension retinopathy?
Silver and Copper Wire Arteriloes
AV nicking
Flame Shape hemorrhages - Black dots in the visual field
Papilla-edema
A patient ask how with losing weight help with hypertension?
Every 10 kg loss - you will decrease 5-20 mm HG in your BP
A Patient want the NP to explain the DASH diet?
Eat fresh fruit and veggies Low sodium High potassium High Calcium Eat fatty cold water fish 3x/ week
The patient ask the NP how much sodium is allowed a day for hypertension,
2.4g/day
A patient ask how much exercise is need to battle hypertension?
40 mins a day
3-4 days per week
What is the criteria for Metabolic syndrome?
P: Pressure of 130/85 H: HDL<40 MEN HDL <50 Women A: Abdominal obesity waist >35 inches WOMEN waist >40 in men\ T: Triglycerides >150 S: Sugars (FBS) 100
