Cardio System Flashcards
Transports blood between the heart and lungs
Pulmonary circulation
Type of muscle tissue the heart is made up of
Cardiac muscle tissue
Bone that protects the heart
Sternum/ breastbone
What type of blood does arteries carry?
Oxygenated
What type of blood does veins usually carry?
Deoxygenated
What are the layers of the heart wall from most superficial to deep?
Parietal pericardium
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
What chamber receives unoxygenated blood from the body?
Right atrium
What is the normal range for an adult heart rate?
60 to 100 BPM
Connect veins to capillaries
Venules
Define systolic blood pressure
Pressure during contraction, top/left number, first heart sound, measured in MMHG
Define diastolic blood pressure
Pressure during relaxation, bottom/right number, last heart sound, measured in MMHG
What’s the correct sequence of an impulse moving through the heart?
- Sinoatrial (SA) node “pacemaker” in RA
- Wave of impulses through muscle of atria cause contraction
- Artioventricular (AV) node stimulated in floor of RA -> bundle of his and septum-> purkinje fibers in walls of ventricles
- Ventricles contract
On average how much blood is the human body quartz?
6 quarts of blood
Pulmonary arteries carry what type of blood
Deoxygenated
Pulmonary veins carry what kind of blood
Oxygenated
Pacemaker of the heart
Sinoatrial (SA) node
The gaseous exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide happen in what vessel?
Capillaries
What vessel supply blood to the heart?
Veins
What body system is responsible for protecting the body from microorganisms
Lymphatic system
What are the functions of lymph nodes?
Remove impurities, make lymphocytes, produce antibodies
What is found in lymph?
Lymphocytes, water, nutrients, hormones, salts, CO2, O2, urea
Where are the lymph nodes found in the body?
Auxiliary, cervical, inguinal, mediastinal
What is located in the LUQ and is responsible for producing RBC’s in infants?
The spleen
Active acquired immunity example
Vaccinations
Which type of immunity does not target specific pathogens?
Natural immunity( ex macrophage)
What is responsible for producing antibodies until late adolescence?
Thymus gland
What type of immunity is the bodies response to a specific pathogen?
Acquired immunity (passive/active)
What are the components of blood?
Plasma, blood cells -> erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
What blood type is the universal recipient?
AB positive
What blood type is the universal donor?
O negative
Thrombocytes
Responsible for clotting
Erythrocytes
Responsible for carrying O2
Leukocytes
Responsible for Bodies defense
Fibrillation
Absence of regular P waves or abnormal QRS, T waves
T wave
RePolarization of ventricles
Hemorrhage
Uncontrollable bleeding
Palpitation
Pounding/racing
Embolus
Foreign object in blood
Hypotension
Low blood pressure, less than 90/60 MMHG
QRS complex
Contraction of ventricles
Hypertension
High blood pressure
Stages of hypertension
Stage one = 130-139/ 80-89
Stage 2= greater than or equal to 140/90
Hypotensive crisis = greater than 180/120
P wave
Contraction of atria
Tachycardia
Fast bpm, greater than 100 BPM
Pectoris angina
Chest pain (severe)
EKG/ ecg
Electrocardiogram, measurement of electrical activity of the heart
Bradycardia
Slow BPM, less than 60 BPM
Myocardial infraction
Heart attack
Congestive heart failure
Left heart failure
Incompetent valve
Valve leaks
Stenosed valve
Narrow valve
Mvp
Mitral valve prolapse
Systole
Contraction, depolarization
Diastole
Relaxation, repolarization
Complete heart block
P waves don’t match up with QRS complex at all; EKG shows greater than or equal to P waves for every QRS complex
Premature atrial contractions
Early P wave on EKG
PVC
Premature ventrical contractions
Cardiac output
Volume of blood pumped by heart by one ventricle per minute; CO equals HR times/ stroke volume
Anticoagulants
Blood thinners; prevent clot formation
Beta blockers
Used to correct dysrhythmias
Nitroglycerin
Dilate coronary blood vessels; used for angina pectoris
Anti platelets
Aspirin, plavix
