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Cardiovascular > Cardio Meds > Flashcards

Cardio Meds Flashcards

1
Q

What cardiac dysrhythmia medication TYPE decreases myocardial O2 demand, heart rate and workload of the heart? Examples: propranolol (Inderal), metoprolol (Lopressor) and carvedilol (Coreg)

A

Beta-blockers
LOL

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2
Q

Procainamide (Procan), lidocaine (IV), disopyramide (Norpace) , adenosine (Adenocard), amiodarone (Cordacone, Pacerone)
ARE EXAMPLES OF WHAT TYPE OF CARDIAC MEDICATION?

A

ANTIDYSRHYTHMICS

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3
Q

What cardiac medication TYPE produces relaxation of coronary vascular smooth muscle and dilate coronary arteries? Examples – verapamil (Calan, Isoptin), diltiazem (Cardizem)

A

Calcium channel blockers

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4
Q

What cardiac medication TYPE is used as treatment of atrial fibrillation with embolization to prevent complication of stroke? Example: warfarin (Coumadin)

A

Anticoagulants

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5
Q

What medication will dilate the coronary arteries and decrease workload of heart? For What cardiovascular disorder is this medication administered?

A

Nitroglycerin; angina pectoris

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6
Q

There is a LIST of meds for a patient who has had an MI and has had PTCA or CABG.
Look at the meds in the answer to be familiar.

A

Medications: morphine and valium for pain
vasopressors, analgesics, nitrates, beta-adrenergic blockers,
calcium channel blockers, antidysrhythmics,
inotropic agents, diuretics, stool softeners

ADDITIONALLY- ASPIRIN 81 MG QD drug of choice for anti-platelet aggregation (to avoid clotting)

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7
Q

Disorders of the Heart:: Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome
M- ______Which Helps dilate vessels, reduce pain, and relieve anxiety
O- ______ Provides extra to reduce ischemia
N- ______ Dilates coronary blood vessels
A- ______ Prevents blood clots- reduces platelet aggregation

A

Morphine
Oxygen
Nitroglycerin
Aspirin

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8
Q

For heart failure-

Diuretics (Med name?) – monitor for Hypokalemia – patient can show signs of fatigue and shallow respirations due to muscle weakness

A

Furosemide (lasix)

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9
Q

For Heart failure

If patient is non compliant with medications – collect more information to identify his reasons for noncompliance

A

Boom

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10
Q

What medication Increases cardiac output and slows the heart rate?

A

Digoxin (Lanoxin)

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11
Q

What medication is a diuretic and used to eliminate excess fluid (edema, pleural effusions) and decrease BP?

A

Lasix (Furosemide)

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12
Q

S/S of headache, bradycardia and nausea, Blurred and yellow vision can be an indication of WHAT medication toxicity?
If a client taking this medication reports ANY of the above S/S- What should you do as the nurse??
This medication has a therapeutic range- what is it? Too much?

A

DIGOXIN TOXICITY
Take their vital signs.
1.0 to 2.5
Too much= 2.6 or above

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13
Q

WHAT IS THE MEDICATION AND ITS DOSE FOR PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE ACCORDING TO THE SLIDES?

A

Anti-platelet treatment – Aspirin (160 to 325 mg/day)

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14
Q

WHAT PAD DOES THIS DESCRIBE?

Blood clots in the arterial bloodstream

Clinical manifestations/assessment
• Severe Pain due to sudden loss of blood flow
• Absent distal pulses
• Pale, cool, and numb extremity

A

ARTERIAL EMBOLISM

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15
Q

ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY:
Coumadin– used for DVT prevention, prevents development of new clots, embolization and clot extension – DOES COUMADIN DISSOLVE CLOTS?
COUMADIN = Prevent strokes in patients who have atrial fibrillation AND IMPORTANT FOR PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY EMBOLUS.
WHAT FOOD IS TO BE AVOIDED WHEN TAKING THIS MEDICATION?

A

NO, COUMADIN DOES NOT DISSOLVE CLOTS.

Anticoagulants (warfarin – Coumadin) avoid cabbage rich in Vit K- green leafy vegetable= THESE WILL PROLONG CLOTTING TIME EVEN MORE THAN THE WARFARIN ALONE.

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16
Q

WHAT IS THE ANTIDOTE FOR WARFARIN (COUMADIN) TOXICITY?

A

VITAMIN K

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17
Q

WHAT MEDICATION IS GIVEN FOR THROMBOPHLEBITIS, is effective for prevention of venous thrombosis, and any extension or recurrence OF?

A

LOW-MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN (LMWH) SUCH AS:
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) and dalteparin (Fragmin) THESE ARE GIVEN SQ

ALSO- Elastic stockings (antiembolytic) – not elastic tops as this will
impair circulation

18
Q

Vitamin C enhances the absorption of what?

A

Ferrous Sulfate (IRON)
GIVE IRON WITH OJ FOR BETTER ABSORPTION

19
Q

Alpha blockers=
Beta blockers=
Ace inhibitors=
CA channel blockers=

A

Alpha blockers= zosin
Beta blockers= LOL
Ace inhibitors= Pril
CA channel blockers= pine

20
Q

K+ Channel Blockers
Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone), Sotalol (Betapace), Bretylium

A

Prophylaxis and treatment of ventricular dysrhythmias (including life-threatening); Treatment of Atrial fibrillation / flutter

• Contraindications:
• Hypersensitivity, bradycardia or heart block, severe congestive heart failure (CHF);
aortic stenosis; hypotension; and cardiogenic shock

21
Q

• Administering these drugs: Closely monitor the patient receiving MINOXIDIL because the drug increases the heart rate
• The primary care provider is notified if heart rate is 20 bpm or more above the normal rate; rapid weight gain of 5 lb or more occurs

A

Nitrates/ vasodilators

22
Q

RED
Administering quinidine: Monitor serum quinidine levels during administration of the drug; normal therapeutic levels range between 2 and 6 mg/mL

A

RED

Administering procainamide: If given IV, maintain continuous and close cardiac monitoring; keep patient supine during IV administration to minimize hypotension. Gluteus preferred site if given IM

If procainamide is given orally, instruct the patient not to chew the capsule or tablet but to swallow it whole; If GI upset occurs, administer the drug with or immediately after meals.
• Administering lidocaine: An oropharyngeal airway and suction equipment are kept at the bedside

23
Q

RED
Potential complication: quinidine toxicity; monitor the patient for the most common adverse reactions associated with quinidine (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, DANGEROUS SIGN: RINGING IN THE EARS

A

RED

Notify the primary health care provider if adverse affects such as bradycardia or hypotension, peripheral edema occurs

24
Q

A beta-adrenergic blocker has been prescribed to manage a patient diagnosed with persistent sinus tachycardia. Which of the following medications can be anticipated?

A

Propranolol (Inderal)

25
Q

A patient diagnosed with an elevated LDL plans to make dietary changes to her daily intake. Which of the following will be most therapeutic?

A

20 to 30 g of soluble fiber daily, including foods such as bran, beans, and peas

26
Q

VERAPAMIL IS WHAT TYPE OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MED

A

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER
REDUCES THE WORKLOAD OF THE HEART

27
Q

HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL IN MEN

A

14-18

28
Q

Which of the white blood cells plays a role in allergic reactions?

A

EOSINOPHILS

29
Q

When caring for a patient diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia, the nurse’s responsibilities include patient education concerning dietary intake. What foods should be included in the diet?

A

Whole-grain breads, nuts, and dried fruit

30
Q

After the staging process, a patient being treated for Hodgkin’s disease has been identified as being in stage II. Which of the following best describes her level of disease process?

A

Two or more abnormal lymph nodes on the same side of the diaphragm

31
Q

Beta blockers actions (3) LOL

A

Dilate arteries
Slow HR
Reduce myocardial oxygen demand

32
Q

Calcium channel blockers- pines, mil, zem
What is their antedote?
They reduce what?

A

Calcium gluconate
Reduce hr and bp

33
Q

ACE inhibitors are known as…

A

Pril drug

34
Q

Which cardio medication group increases the force of the myocardial contraction AND Increases cardiac output?

A

INOTROPES

Milrinone (Primacor), Dopamine, Dubutamine, Norepinephrine

Take vital signs including apical pulse.
• Hold medications if heart rate below 60 beats per minute or SBP <90.

35
Q

ACE Inhibitors act primarily by…

A

Suppression of RAAS which prevents vasoconstriction

36
Q

K channel blockers are used for what purpose?

A

Prophylaxis and ventricular Dysrhythmias- and treatment of atrial fibrillation/ flutter

37
Q

Clonidine is an example of what type of drug?

A

Anti- adrenergic

38
Q

Vastartan
Losartan
Irbesartan
ARE ALL EXAMPLES OF WHAT type of medication?

A

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists

39
Q

In action- Beta blockers block what hormone?

A

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

40
Q

Calcium channel blockers reduce…

A

BP and hr

Cardiovascular (6 decks)

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