Cardio-Imaging 1 Flashcards
Normal chest X-ray

Cardiothoracic ratio should be less than ——?
50%

What are 3 pathologies that can cause increased cardiothoracic ratio?

In order to have a good chest x-ray, one must follow RIPE. What does R stand for?

In order to have a good chest x-ray, one must follow RIPE. What does I stand for?

In order to have a good chest x-ray, one must follow RIPE. What does P stand for?

In order to have a good chest x-ray, one must follow RIPE. What does E stand for?

What is the most common cause of cardiomyopathy?
ischemic cardiomyopathy due to coronary artery disease
:notice that the image is not a full inspiration (doming in diaphragm, not enough ribs shown)


Pericardial effusion
or less likely a cardiomyopathy w/o congestive failure (the heart is enlarge but there is no congestion in the lungs)
Post contrast chest CT


Magnification differences PA and AP

Semi-erect is commonly performed for those in the or too sick to stand.
emergency room

Which one is inspiration and which is expiration?

Left is inspiration (diaphragm pushed down farther and higher volume)
Right is expiration (less desireable)
Which RIPE issue is apparent in this image?

Rotation
The clavicles ends are not equidistant from the spinous processes


Can cause heart to look enlarged and is most common cause of chest wall deformity


If passive cardiophrenic angle, most likely benign fat. Can confirm with a previous x ray


Mediastinal mass (thymolypoma)

Review Cardiac Chambers
Be mindful that no contour in this image is made up of the right ventricle

What contour of the heart is seen on a lateral chest X-ray that cannot be seen from an AP or PA view?
The right ventricle

What 3 things are wrong with this image?

- Left atrial appendage is bulging outward (not flat or concave, usually associated with rheumatic heart disease)
- Left atrium enlarged (double opaque part)
- Cardiomegaly

What 6 things do you notice in this image?

- mediasternal clips
- Prosthetic mitral valve
- Left atrial appendage
- Markedly enlarge left atrium
- Moderate cardiomegaly
- Prominant vascularture (probably due to HTN)
Probably associated with rheumatic heart disease

What is wrong with this image?

Common causes include chronic HTN, also notice enlargement of thoracic aorta


Retrocardiac airspace shoud be defined and should not extend to the posteriorly to overly spine

What happens to the retrosternal airspace with right ventricular enlargement in a lateral view?
It fills most of the airspace on lateral view. It is tricky to distinguish right atrial from right ventrical enlargement and so often called right heart enlargement.





























































































