Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

USMLE > Cardio Drugs > Flashcards

Cardio Drugs Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Amlodipine, Nimodipine, Nifedipine

A

Dihydropyridine peripheral CCBs (PRELOAD)
HTN, angina, raynaud, migraine, cluster HA, esophageal spasm. (Nimodipine SAH)
*Cause reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, flushing, dizziness, hyperprolactinemia, constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Diltiazem/Verapamil

A

Heart CCB (Rate control)

  • HTN, angina, Afib/Aflutter
  • Can cause cardiac depression and AV block
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hydralazine

A

^ cGMP Artery relaxation and AFTERLOAD REDUCTION

  • Severe hypertension, CHF, Pregnancy HTN
  • Can cause reflex tachy (dont use in CAD/angina), Fluid and Na retention, nausea, headache
  • DRUG INDUCED LUPIS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nitroprusside

A

HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCY
Short acting ^cGMP VEINS>ARTERIES
*can cause cyanide toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fenoldopam

A

HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCY
D1 Agonist
Coronary, peripheral, renal, splachnic vasodilation
Decreased BP and increased natriuresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Minoxidil

A

Hypertension, resistant hypertension
^ K+ conduction: Hyperpolarizes smooth muscle and blocks Ca channel
SE: hair growth, hypotension, edema/Na retention, reflex tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nitroglycerin, Issorbide mono and dinitrate

A

PRELOAD REDUCTION via NO/cGMP
Angina, ACS, pulm edema
SE: Reflex tachy, hypotension, flushing, headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Antianginal therapy

A

Usually best with mix of Nitrates and B blockers, add ACEi if not reaching goals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pregnancy antihypertensives

A

Hypertensive Moms Love Nifedipine

Hydralazine, methyldopa, labetalol, nifedipine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Statins

A

sharp dec. LDL, inc. HDL, Dec. trigs
Increase LDL receptors
SE: Hepatotoxicity and Rhabdomyolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Niacin

A

INC. HDL, dec. LDL and trigs
*Inhibits lipolysis and ddec. VLDL synthesis
SE: Flushing (tx Aspirin), /hyperglycemia, Hyperuricemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam

A

Dec. LDL, slight inc. HDL and trigs
*Prevents intestinal bile reabsorption
SE: GALLSTONES, Taste, GI discomfort,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ezetimibe

A

Cholesterol absorption blockers (when statins = Rhabdo)

SE: ^lfts, diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fibrates

A

DEC> TRIGS, dec.LDL, inc.HDL
*Increases LPL activity, activates PPARalpha-> HDL
SE: Myositis, hepatotox, cholesterol stones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Digoxin

A

Inhibition of Na/K atpase= decreased Ca antiport.
^inotropy, Dec. conduction at AV, SA suppression

SE: Blurry yellow vision, Hyperkalemia, heart block, lengthened PR. Cholinergic- NVD
TOX tx: Slowly normalize K+, cardiac pacing, anti dig Fab, Mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Class Ia antiarrhythmics

A 
Double Quarter Pounder
Disopyramide, Procainamide, Quinidine
*Treats: A/V arrhythmias, SVT- VT
*^AP duration, ^ERP, ^QT
Tox: TDP. CINCHONISM (HA/Tinnitus), DI lupis(procainamide), HF, throbocytopenia
17
Q

Ib Antiarrhythmics

A

Mayo Lettuce Tomato
Lidocaine, Mexiletine, Tocanite
*Treats: acute Ventricular arrhythmias
*Prolongs refractory period. NO CHANGE OF QT
*TARGETS ISCHEMIC TISSUE
TOX: CNS depression/stimulation, CV depression

18
Q

Ic Antiarrhythmics

A

Fries Please
Flecanide, Propafenone
*SVT, Afib
Increases Refractory period, NO CHANGE in AP or QT

19
Q

Arrhythmic classes

A

No Badboy Keeps Clean

I-Na II- Beta blockers III-K+ IV Ca

20
Q

Beta blockers

A

B1 specific- Metoprolol, Atenolol (decrease AV conduction)
B1 and 2- Propranolol, nadalol, timolol (n-z) [Careful COPD Asthma]
Alpha/Beta- Carvedilol, Labetalol (dec. HR and PVR)
Partial agonists: Acebutolol, Pindolol
*Dec. SA/AV node by dec cAMP and Ca+ inc. PR

SE: Asthma, bradycardia/AV block, CHF exacerbation, masking hypoglycemia

21
Q

III Antiarrhythmic

A

AIDS
Amiodarone, Sotalol, Ibutilide, Dofetilide,
*^AP, ^ERP, ^QT - last resort
Afib/flutter, Vtach

Tox:
Sotalol - TDP
Amiodarone: Pulm fibrosis, hepatotox, thyrotoxicosis, corneal deposits, sun sensitivity

22
Q

IV antiarrhythmics

A

Verapamil, diltiazem
*Dec. AV nodal conduction, ^ ERP, ^PR
*Treats: preventative SVT, Afib rate control
Tox: Constipation, flushing, edema, heart block, CHF, sinus nodde depression

23
Q

Adenosine

A 
K+ outof cells- Hyperpolarization.
Treats: and diagnoses SVT. 
*SHORT ACTING
*antagonized by theophylline and caffeine
Tox: Hypotension, CP
24
Q

MG

A

Treats: Digoxin toxicity, TDP

SE: Hyporeflexia

25
Q

HTN Tx

A

ACEi/ARBs, Thiazides, Calcium channel blockers, Beta blockers

USMLE (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions