Antimicrobial drugs Flashcards
Trimethoprim
UTI/ GI infections with SMX
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
SE: Anemia
Nitrofurantonin
UTI treatment in pregnancy
Inhibition of bacterial ribosomes
SE: GI upset
Floroquinolones
UTI, GI, URI
Inhibit topoisomerase
SE: Cartilage and tendonopathy, GI sideffects
Metronidazole
Free radical injury
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Giardia, Entomoeba, Trichomonas, Gardnarella, Anaerobes, H. Pylori
SE: Disulfiram reaction
Cell wall inhibitors
- Penicillin
- Methacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin
- Ampicillin, Ammoxicillin
- Ticaracillin, carbicillin, pipericillin
- Polymyxin
- Vanco
Sulfonamides
Sulfamethoxazole
Gram (+) (-) UTI, GI, PCP PROPHYLAXIS @ 200 CD4
-Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase (early folate synthesis)
SE: Hypersensitivity/SJS, Hemolysis, Kernicterus
Penicillin
Gram (+), syphilis
SE: Hypersensitivity
Methacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin
MSSA
Hypersensitivity
Ampicillin, ammoxicillin
Gram (+) and HELPSS
H. Flu, E. Coli, enteroccocus, listeria, proteus, salmonella, shigella
URI/UTI Neonatal meningitis
SE: Hypersensitivity
Ticaricillin/Piperacillin/Carbicillin
Gram (+) (-)
PSEUDOMONAS, bacteroides
SE: Hypersensitivity
Polymixin
Topical for Gram (-)
Cationic detergent
SE: Nephro and neurotoxic
Cephalexin, Cefazolin
Cephalosporin I
Gram (+) and PEcK (Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella)
SE: Hypersensitivity, nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides and other nephrotoxic drugs
Cefuroxime, ceoxitin, cefaclor, cefprozil
Ceph II
HENS PEcK
Haemophilus, enterobacter, Neisseria, Serretia, Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella
Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime, Cefdinir
Ceph III Serious Gram (-) E. Coli, Proteus, Citrobacter, Meningitis (ceftriax), pseudomonas(Ceftazidime), HENS PEcK
Cefipime
Ceph IV Wide Gram (+) (-)
LIFE THREATENING INFECTIONS
Aztreonam
Gram (-) only
KEMPS3
Klebsiella, E. coli, monobactam, Pseudomonas, Serratia
Great for patients with renal disease- no toxicity
Meropenim
Imepenim+Cilastatin
Cil prevents imepenim breakdown Wide Gram (+) (-), PSEUDOMONAS
SE: GI, neurotox(imepenim), rash
Vancomycin
Binds D-ala D-ala
Gram (+) only
MRSA, Enterococci, oral for C. Diff
SE: Red man syndrome, Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity, Thrombophlebitis
Linezolid
23s of 50s subunit (Initiation)
VRE, MRSA
EXPENSIVE
SE: GI, thrombocytopenia
Protein synthesis inhibitors
Buy AT 30 CCEL at 50
30s:
Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines
50s:
Chloremphenicol, Clindamycin, Erythromycin and macrolides, Linezolid
Doxycycline, Tetracycline, Minocycline, Dimeclocycline
30s (blocks tRNA binding)
VACUUM THe BedRoom
Vibrio, Acne, Chlamydia, Uroplasma Ureolyticum, Mycoplasma, Tuleremia, Haemophilus, Corellia, Rickettsia Rickettsei
SE: ORANGE TEETH, Bone interference, GI upset, Photosensitivity
Gentamycin, Tobramycin, Neomycin, Streptomycin, Amikacin
30S Initiation inhibition
ACETYLATION resistance
Severe gram (-)
SE:Nephro, Oto, teratogenic
Arythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin
“Macroslides”
23s of 50s Inhibition of translocation
Atypical pneumonia, Weird things, URI- strep pneumo and pyogenes
STD: Chlamydia/gonnorhea coinfection
SE: LONG QT, GI upset
Chloremphenicol
50s Inhibition of peptidyl transferase
Meningitis: Haemophilus, Neisseria, strep pneum, rickettsia
SE: Anemia, Gray baby syndrome
