Cardio/cancer?

Question 1

What does neutrophil mean?

Answer 1

Acute inflammation
Macrophages - late acute inflammation
Lymphocytes and plasma cells - chronic inflammation

Question 2

Signet ring cells - pathology

Answer 2

Krukenberg tumour

Question 3

Symptoms of krukenberg tumour

Answer 3

Abdo distension
Fluid thrill
Abdo pain

Question 4

Serous cyst adenoma

Answer 4

Common general cyst, not cacnerous

Question 5

Teratoma - prognosis

Answer 5

Good

Question 6

Another name for germ cell cancer

Answer 6

Mature teratoma

Question 7

HPV strain for cervical cancer

Answer 7

high risk - 16 and 18

low risk - 11 and 6

Question 8

PID cause UK

Answer 8

Ascending infection, caused in the UK - chlamydia and gonorrhoea

Question 9

PID cause in the world

Answer 9

TB
Schistosomiasis

Question 10

PID symptoms

Answer 10

itPeritonitis
Intestinal obstructions due to adhesions
Bacteremia
Infertility
Fitz Hugh Curtis Syndrome - adhesion between peritoneal wall and liver

Question 11

Fitz Hugh Curtis Syndrome symptoms

Answer 11

Deranged LFTS
RUQ pain
Pelvic pain

Question 12

HPV virus what does it produce and bind to to cause cancer

Answer 12

e6 - p53
e7 - binds to retinoblastoma

Question 13

CIN what does it stand for

Answer 14

Grade 3 - entire epithelium

Question 15

ewti

Question 16

CIN occurs in which part of the cervix?

CIN vs CGIN

Answer 16

Squamous epithelium - squamous cell carcnoma (80 percent)

Cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia - these form adenocarcinomas (20 percent)

Question 17

What are the two vaccines for HPV?

Answer 17

Gardasil (4 types)
Ceravix (only protects against high risk aka 16 and 18)

Question 18

Endometrial cancer types and epidemiology

Answer 18

Type 1 - oestrogen dependent, in younger patients, atypical endometrial hyperplasia

Type 2 - less oestrogen dependent, in older patients, atrophic endometerium

pten, kras etc with endometrial cancer

Question 19

Staging for Endometrial cancer

Answer 19

FIGO staging - learn it

Question 20

Gestational trophoblastic disease

Answer 20

Hydratiform moles

Choriocarcinoma
???

Question 21

Complete/partial mole symptoms

Answer 21

very high HCG
HCG is very similar to TSH, hence you get TSH-like symptoms
Spontaneous abortion
2.5 percent = cancerous

Question 22

Complete mole vs partial mole

Answer 22

Complete mole - sperm fertilisation of empty egg = snowy storm appearnce

Partial mole - 2 sperm + 1 egg - dispermy

Question 23

Choriocarcinoma

Answer 23

Post abortion????

Question 24

Theories for endometriosis

Answer 24

Retrograde menstruation - blood goes backwards from period, but this doesn’t explain why you’d get peritoneal deposits

Metaplasia of peritoneu

Chocolate cyst + powder burns seen macroscopically

Question 25

Signet ring cell - where is it found?

Answer 25

A type of cell in the stomach

Question 26

What is a krukenberg tumour?

Answer 26

Mets from a GI tumour resulting in mucin-secreting tumour

Question 27

What is the cause of nutmeg liver

Answer 27

Right sided heart failure

Question 28

Rose spots

Answer 28

Paratyphoid fever, conspitation et

Question 29

Prinzmetal angina

Answer 29

coronary artery spam due to cocaine

Question 30

Dressler syndrome

Answer 30

Pericarditis 4 weeks after MI

Answer 31

Ventricular aneurysm - no pain Pain but widespread ST elevation - pericarditis

Answer 32

too thin, too thick, too stiff dilated, hypertrophic, ??? cardiomyopathic

Answer 33

chronic diarrhoea, fatigue and abdo pain