CARDIO (CAD) Flashcards
is a condition in which plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
plaque is made up of
fat
cholesterol
calcium
other substances found in the blood
When the coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked, Oxygen rich blood can’t reach the heart muscle. This can cause
angina or heart attack
The classic symptom of coronary artery disease is
angina
CAD symptoms are caused by significant
atherosclerosis
unstable angina is sometimes grouped with ____ under the diagnosis of _______
MI
acute coronary syndrome
The primary function is to deliver oxygen and nutrients to various tissue in the body
arterial system
Capillary network.
Within this network, nutrients are exchanged across capillary membranes by 3 primary processes
osmosis
filtration
diffusion
Other symptoms of coronary artery disease include
Sweating
Extreme weakness
Nausea
shortness of breath
dizziness
Help with reverse transport of cholesterol
Decreased high density lipoproteins (HDL)
Diagnostic Studies
Sign of schemia
T-wave inversion
Diagnostic Studies
sign of injury to muscle
ST-segment depressed
The waves are depressed because of
tissue injury
Treatment consist of
Risk factor Modification
Life style changes
Medications
Revascularization
four modifiable risk factors
cites as major risk factors for CAD
Cholesterol abnormalities
tobacco use
hypertension
diabetes mellitus
beta adrenergic blockers to reduce workload of heart
metaprolol
propranolol
nadolol
administer _____ to reduce heart rate, blood pressure and muscle contractility helps with coronary vasodilation
calcium channel blockers
administer ____ If patient has symptomatic chest pains to reduce discomfort and enhance blood flow to myocardium
nitrate
platelet inhibitors
dipyridamole
clopidogrel
ticlopidine
lowers cholesterol
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
lovastatin
simvastatin
atorvastatin
fluvastatin
pravastatin
rosuvastatin
Reduce synthesis and increase breakdown of VLDL particles
FIBRIC ACID DERIVATES
gemfibrozil
Reduces production of VLDL
NICOTINIC ACID
niacin
resins binds bile acid in intestine
Bile acid binding
colestipol
Nursing diagnoses
knowledge deficit
acute pain
activity intolerance
impaired gas exchange
