Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharm II > cardio big picture and DOC > Flashcards

cardio big picture and DOC Flashcards

1
Q

What drugs do you use for Cardiac Arrhythmias

A

Class I: sodium channel blockers

  • IA: quinidine, procainamide (bind activated)
  • IB: lidocaine (bind inactivated)
  • IC:flecainide (bind all)

Class II: BB
*olol

Class III: K channel blocker (prolong repol)
*Amiodarone, Sotalol

Class IV: CCB
*verapamil, diltiazem

Misc: adenosine, Mg, digoxin, K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Diuretics

A 
CA inhibitors
LOOPS
thiazide and thiazide like
K sparing (aldosterone antagonist and K channel blocker)
Osmotic Diuretics
ADH agonists and antagonists
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Drugs used in CHF

A

Inotropic agents

  • Digitalis: digoxin
  • PDE inhibitors (bipiridines): imamrinone, milrinone
  • sympathomimetics: Dobutamine, Dopamine

Drugs w/o inotropic effect

  • Diuretics: loopd, aldo antag, K sparing, thiazide
  • ACEI: pril
  • BB: carvedilol, metropolol
  • ARB: artan
  • vasodilators: sodium nitroprusside, hydralazine, isosorbide dinitrate
  • digitalis antibody: fab (digibind)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

anti HTN drugs

A
  • Diuretics
  • SNS altering: central a2 agonist, a1 blocker (zosin), BB
  • Vasodilators: NO, minoxidil, CCB, D1 agonist
  • RAS inhibitors: ACEI, RB
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

vasodilators/ tx angina

A 
nitrates/nitrites
CCB
BB
PDE5
others: ranolazine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Heparin use

A

IV anticoag,

post op DVT, PE prophylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Enoxaprin/Fondaparinux use

A

DVT/PE prophylax

  • replace warfarin in preg
  • less incidence HIT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Warfarin use

A 
prevent embolism (not effective on already formed thrombi)
chronic DVT/PE prophylaxis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clopidogrel use

A

DOX platelet inhibition/prevent thrombosis in stent replacement
*used if ASA allergy to decrease risk thrombosis post MI/stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ASA use

A

primary prevention MI

prophylaxis for pt at risk for embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Abciximab/eptifibatide/tirofiban use

A

combine with heparin for PCI

used in pt undergoing angioplasty, atherectomy, stent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

aminocaproic acid use

A

reverse tPA aka alteplase (anti fibrinolytic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Alteplase/ tenectaplase/ use

A

activates plasminogen to lyse clots and re establish tissue perfusion post MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bile acid binding resins

A

high LDL/chol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Niacin

A

decrease VLDL and LDL
**increase HDL
effective in heterozygous familial hyperchol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

statin

A

decrease LDL, TAG and increase HDL
decrease CRP, lipoprotein ox, platelet aggregation
increase NO production and plaque stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

fibrates

A

decrease TAG

*inhibit statin metab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Zetia

A

dec LDL (blocks intestinal abs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Quinidine use

A

acute and chronic SV and V arrhythmia

*procainamide is same by increased SLE risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lidocaine use

A

Ventricular arrhythmia DOC (IV) - acute?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Flecainide use

A

SV and lifethreatening V arrhthmia *LAST RESORT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

BB use

A

early stage CHF: dec HR, contractility, renin, BP, post MI mortality, classic angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

amiodarone use

A

SV and V arrhythmia (w/o torsade)

DOC for chronic V arrhythmia (ACLS) instead of lidocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Sotalol use

A

SV and V arrrhythmia

25
Verapamil use
Reentrant SV tachy | A fib/flutter
26
Diltiazem use
dec HR, PSVT, control ventricular rate in a fib and a flutter
27
adenosine use
ODC PSVT, WPW | *depends on reentry
28
Mg use
DOC for torsade digitalis induced arrhythmia mgmt seizures, HTN ,ecclampsia
29
K use
DOC digoxin toxicity
30
Acetazolamide use
alkalinization of urine | *metabolic/respiratory mountain sickness
31
Dorzolamide/brinzolamide use
DOC closed angle glaucoma
32
Furosemide use
most effective diuretic: large fluid mvmt CHF, pulm edema, hyperCa, pulm congestion (increase venous capacitance)
33
Ethacrynic acid use
sulfa allergy and need loop
34
Thiazide use
DOC HTN, CHF, | vasodilation (PG synthesis dep), nephrogenic DI, nephrolithiasis
35
Metolazone use
thiazide for GFR <20 pt
36
Indapamide use
thiazide that doesn't increase plasma lipid, biliary excretion so good if renal problems, and causes pronounced vasodilation
37
Spironolactone use
hyperaldosteronism K sparing but watch out for androgen *for CHF pt, increases lifespan bc inhibits aldo receptor
38
amiloride use
DOC Li induced DI | main use in combo with K losing diuretic
39
Osmotic diuretics use
diuresis in acute kidney disease, decrease ICP, decrease IOP before eye surgery, protect kidney from nephrotoxic substances
40
desmopressin use
DOC central DI
41
Digoxin use
decrease normal tone via Na/K ATPase inhibition | decrease HR: increase contractility causes decrease SNS in failing heart = more vasodilation, increase CO?
42
Dopamine use
+inotropic for end stage CHF (b1 specific) | only use in refractory CHF
43
ACEI, ARB use
DOC HTN and CHF (decrease cardiac workload by decreasing preload and afterload and remodeling) increase diuretic effectiveness
44
Inamrinone and milrinone (bipyridine use)
increase CO in acute HF
45
BB use
early stage CHF: decrease mortality, decrease HR and renin, decrease remodeling preferred HTN drug for pt post MI, angina, migraine
46
Esmolol use
short acting 2nd line PSVT
47
Clonidine
decrease SNS outflow, decrease renin in HTN
48
Methyldopa
DOC HTN in preg
49
alpha 1 blockers
HTN: dilate aa and vv without effecting lipids | BPH
50
Labetolol
Preferred HTN emergency in preg w/o reflex tachy
51
Carvedilol
HTN and CHF esp after MI lipid neutral no tachy
52
Minoxidil
chronic HTN, can cause hair growth
53
Fenoldopam
HTN emergencies specific D1 agonist
54
Nifedipine
CCB with vasodilatory effect (thus reflex tachy)
55
Diltiazem
dec HR, PSVT, control ventricular rate in a fib and a flutter
56
Verapamil use
Reentrant SV tachy A fib/flutter angina
57
nitrates use
DOC acute angina
58
nitrates + CCB
DOC prinzmetals angina

Pharm II (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions