Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Animal Diseases > Cardio and Respiratory Dz > Flashcards

Cardio and Respiratory Dz Flashcards

1
Q

What is another common name for canine infectious tracheobronchitis?

A

Kennel Cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which animal groups does IMHA commonly effect?

A

Females, 2-8 yrs, dogs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The lifespan of the adult Dirofilaria immitis is what in cats?

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What symptoms do HW positive cats exhibit that dogs typically don’t?

A

Vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What 2 diagnostic procedures are used to diagnose nasal tumors or masses?

A

Radiography and CT/MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the preferred spot for thoracocentesis?

A

7th intercostal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The most common systemic mycotic disease in cats is caused by what?

A

Cryptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are symptoms of IMHA?

A

Pale to white MM, tachycardia, icterus, anorexia, lethargy/depression, weakness, hemoglobinuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens during IMHA?

A

RBC destroyed by immune system. RBC agglutinate, liver is taxed from processing bilirubin from killed RBC, thrombosis happens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is IMHA diagnosed?

A

BW: regenerative anemia. High reticulocytes, spherocytes on blood smear. Positive agglutination test. Coombs test- confirmatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A Coomb’s test helps confirm what disease?

A

IMHA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What drugs are used in treating IMHA?

A

corticosteroids or Azathioprine/Cyclosporine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the prognosis for IMHA?

A

Guarded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does IMTP stand for?

A

Immune mediated thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is IMTP most common in?

A

Females, dogs, cats 5-6 yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are symptoms of IMTP?

A

Epistaxis, petechia, ecchymosis, gingival bleeding, melena, weakness, lethargy, anorexia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How is IMTP diagnosed?

A

CBC: thrombocytopenia, confirm on blood smear to rule out platelet clumping. -+anemia. Bone marrow biopsy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What nursing care can be done for IMTP?

A

Gentle handling, padded kennel, strict rest. Avoid large vessel venipuncture. Pressure wrap venipuncture site for longer, monitor closely for bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

IMHA and IMTP together is commonly called what?

A

Evan’s Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the prognosis for IMTP?

A

Poor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Kennel cough commonly effects which group of pets?

A

Dogs, very young, old, immunocompromised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are symptoms of kennel cough?

A

Honking, usually unproductive cough. Can develop pneumonia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How can kennel cough be diagnosed?

A

Clincal signs, hx, cough elicited with tracheal palpation, radiographs to rule out pneumonia, collapsing trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Antitussives are only used in what kind of coughs?

A

Nonproductive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What 2 viruses together cause 90% of feline URIs? Which is more severe?

A

Feline Herpesvirus and Calicivirus

Herpesvirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How is feline herpesvirus spread?

A

In the air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How is feline calicivirus spread?

A

Direct contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are symptoms of FHV/Calicivirus?

A

Coughing, sneezing, conjunctivits, fever, depression/lethargy, anorexia, oral ulceration (calicivirus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

How is FHV/Calicivirus diagnosed?

A

Clinical signs, PCR test to isolate viral DNA on nasal secretions of conjunctival swab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

FHV is also known as what?

A

FVR, feline viral rhinotracheitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What supplement can be given to cats with URI?

A

Lysine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Which animals are more likely to get pneumonia?

A

Dogs, and at any age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Pneumonia is infection in which part of the respiratory system?

A

Lower, which includes the lungs and bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are symptoms of pnemonia?

A

Cough, labored breathing, anorexia, lethargy, nasal discharge, -+fever, vomiting/regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What are 2 diagnostic procedures done to diagnose pneumonia?

A

Transtracheal wash and thoracic radiographs of the alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What are potential causative agents of fungal lung infection?

A

Blastomycosis,Coccidiomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Cryptococcosis, Aspergillosis

37
Q

What are symptoms of fungal lung infection?

A

Cough, fever, anorexia, weight loss, tachypnea, exercise intolerance, lymphadenopathy, ocular/nasal discharge, clinical signs vary dependong on fungus

38
Q

What 3 fungal medications are used to treat fungal lung infections?

A

Ketoconazole
Itraconazole
Fluconazole

39
Q

Which animal group are more susceptible to having asthma?

A

Cats, any age, mostly adults and Siamese

40
Q

Asthma effects which part of the respiratory tract?

A

Lower

41
Q

What 3 diagnostic procedures are done to diagnose asthma?

A

Tracheal wash, bronchoscopy, thoracic radiographs (Thickening of the bronchial wall)

42
Q

Collapsing trachea often affects which animal group?

A

Small breed/obese dogs, middle age to older

43
Q

Which parts of the trachea collapse in a collapsing trachea?

A

Cervical trachea collapses during
inspiration, and the thoracic trachea
collapsing during expiration

44
Q

What are signs of a collapsing trachea?

A 
Dyspnea
• Exercise intolerance
• Honking cough
• Retching
• Syncope
Clinical signs are worse with tracheal irritation or pressure, exercise,
heat, humidity, and excitement
45
Q

What 2 surgeries can be done to correct collapsing trachea?

A

Tracheal stint and extraluminal prosthesis rings

46
Q

Laryngeal paralysis is most common in which animals?

A

Hereditary in Bouvier des Flandres and Siberian
Husky
Dogs: Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever
Male > female
Large breed, older dogs

47
Q

What happens during laryngeal paralysis?

A

Neuropathy causes one or both vocal folds to
become paralyzed, animal is unable to move it
normally, creating an obstruction for air
movement, and increasing the likelihood of
aspiration

48
Q

What is the laryngeal paralysis of geriatric dogs called?

A

Geriatric onset laryngeal paralysis

polyneuropathy (GOLPP)

49
Q

What are signs of laryngeal paralysis?

A 
Panting
• Dyspnea
• Noisy respirations
• Occasional cough
• Change in voice
• Inspiratory stridor
• Hyperthermia
• Cyanosis
All made worse with heat, humidity, exercise, or excitement
50
Q

What surgical procedure can be done for laryngeal paralysis?

A

Arytenoid lateralization

51
Q

What diagnostic procedure is used to diagnose laryngeal paralysis?

A

Laryngoscopy

52
Q

What are the most common pulmonary neoplasias?

A

Adenocarcinomas

53
Q

What is pleural effusion?

A

Fluid buildup between the lungs and the
body wall – makes it more difficult for the
lungs to fully inflate

54
Q

What are signs of pleural effusion?

A

Rapid, shallow breathing, cats: open mouthed breathing, weight loss, lethargy, decreased appetite, cyanosis, heart/lung sounds muffled

55
Q

What diagnostics can be used to diagnosis pleural effusion?

A

Xrays, cysto, C&S, cytology

56
Q

DCM occurs more in which group of animals?

A

Dogs>Cats, older, lg breed dogs, older mixed cats

57
Q

What is DCM?

A

Dilation of the heart chambers result in
thinner heart muscle, making contraction
less efficient at moving blood`

58
Q

What tests can be done to diagnose DCM?

A

Taurine levels, radiographs, ecg, Cardiopet ProBNP blood test –
monitors NTproBNP, a hormone released by
cardiac myocytes in response to stretch or
stress.

59
Q

What drugs can be used to treat DCM?

A

Diuretics, Enalapril, Pimobendan, oral taurine supplements for cats and diet change in cats & dogs

60
Q

Most dogs die within what time frame of being diagnosed with DCM?

A

6 months - 2 years

61
Q

HCM is more common in who?

A

Male cats, maine coon and ragdoll

62
Q

What happens during HCM?

A

The muscle of the left ventricle become
hypertrophic, limiting the amount of blood
that can fill the ventricle

63
Q

What are signs of HCM?

A 
Heart murmur
• Fatigue
• Tachycardia
• Tachypnea
• Syncope
• Sudden death
64
Q

What are signs of DCM?

A
  • Ascites
  • Weight loss
  • Abdominal distension
  • Coughing
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Exercise intolerance
  • Heart murmur
  • Prolonged CRT
  • +/- pulse deficits
65
Q

Which heart chamber will be enlarged in HCM?

A

Left atrium and ventricle

66
Q

What drugs are used to treat HCM?

A

ACE inhibitors
• Beta Blockers or Calcium channel blockers
• Low dose aspirin or heparin
• Diuretics

67
Q

Saddle thrombosis is also known as:

A

FATE, complication of HCM

68
Q

What happens during saddle thrombosis?

A 
Thromboembolism occurs in 10-
20% of cats with HCM
. 90% of the clots will lodge at the
distal aortic trifurcation – reducing the
amount of blood flow reaching both
back limbs.
69
Q

What are signs of saddle thrombosis, aka FATE?

A

Acute hind end paralysis or paresis
• Vocalization
• Pain
• Cold hind limbs
• Paw pads on hind feet are cold and blue (compared to the front)
• Lack of palpable pulses on hind limbs
Owners may find cat unable to walk, and assume trauma

70
Q

What does FATE stand for?

A

Feline Aortic Thromboembolism (FATE)

71
Q

What is prognosis for FATE?

A

Poor

72
Q

Which valve is often effected by valve diseae?

A

Mitral valve

73
Q

Which animals most often get valve disease?

A

Older, small breed dogs

74
Q

What can be auscultated on a patient with valve disease?

A

Left sided heart murmur

75
Q

How is valve disease diagnosed?

A

Radiographs and ECG

76
Q

What can be a contributing factor to valve disease?

A

Dental disease

77
Q

CHF leads to what?

A

Back up of blood to the vessels leading to congestion around the heart.

78
Q

In left sided CHF, fluid backs up where?

A

In the lungs, pulmonary edema

79
Q

In right sided CHF, fluid backs up where?

A

In the body cavities, ascites and pleural effusion

80
Q

What procedure can be done in right sided CHF to remove fluid?

A

Thoraco/abdominocentesis

81
Q

HW in dogs can cause which side of the heart to fail?

A

R side

82
Q

Which drug kills adult HW?

A

Melarsamine

83
Q

How long is HW treatment for dogs?

A

6 months

84
Q

Pericardiocentesis is used for what disease?

A

Pericardial effusion

85
Q

A rapid, irregular HR with pulse deficits is?

A

Atrial fibrillation

86
Q

Dogs with DCM frequently exhibit what?

A

Atrial fibrillation

87
Q

What is the most dangerous time for cats being treated with DCM?

A

First 2 weeks

88
Q

What symbiotic parasite of HW can be killed by doxycylcine?

A

Wobachia

Animal Diseases (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions