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Pharm Clinical Correlates > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

monitoring for loop diuretics (5)

A 
I&Os
weights
BP
lytes
renal fxn
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2
Q

4 loop diuretics

A

furosemide
torsemide
bumetanide
ethacrynic acid

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3
Q

loop diuretics tx…

A

edema/high volume of fluid2

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4
Q

which 3 loop diuretics are sulfas?

A

furosemide
torsemide
bumetanide

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5
Q

Which loop diuretic can cause ototoxicity?

A

ethacrynic acid

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6
Q

loop/thiazide diuretics are contraindicated in…

A

anuria

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7
Q

2 major SEs of loop and thiazide diuretics…

A

hypokalemia, hyponatremia

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8
Q

loop and thiazide diuretics can cause ________ at high doses

A

gout

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9
Q

3 thiazide diuretics

A

hydrochlorothiazide
chlorothiazide
metolazone

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10
Q

2 sulfa thiazides…

A

HCTZ

chlorothiazide

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11
Q

Thiazides are used for…

A

mild edema

HTN adjunct

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12
Q

2 aldosterone antagonists (K sparing)

A

spironolactone

eplerenone

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13
Q

2 direct inhibitors of sodium flux

A

triamterene

amiloride

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14
Q

CI of potassium sparing diuretics? (3)

A

hyperkalemia
anuria
kidney disease

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15
Q

SE of potassium sparing diuretics

A

hyperkalemia

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16
Q

why are potassium sparing diuretics used in combo with other diuretics?

A

eliminate potassium supplementation

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17
Q

HFrEF + HTN + Ischemic heart disease medications…

A

lisinopril 20mg QD
metoprolol 25 mg QD
furosemide 20 mg QD

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18
Q

which antihypertensives reduce mortality and improve sxs

A

ACEs, BBs

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19
Q

ACE-Is/ARBs treat what 3 disorders?

A

HFrEF, HTN, STEMI

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20
Q

C/I of ACE-Is/ARBs…

A

angioedema, pregnancy

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21
Q

SEs of ACE-Is… (3)

A

dry cough
orthostatic hypotension
hyperkalemia

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22
Q

which drug class is considered first line in all patients with diabetes, CKD and HFrEF

A

ACE-I

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23
Q

Which drug class?

NEG chronotropic
NEG inotropic
Decrease CO

A

BBs

24
Q

2nd line for angina, HFrEF, HTN…

A

BBs

25
Q

3 nonselective BBs

A

propranolol
nadolol
timolol

26
Q

4 cardioselective BBs

A

acebutolol
atenolol
teoprolol
nebivolol

27
Q

BBs with sympathomimetic activity (2)

A

acebutolol

pindolol

28
Q

3 SEs of non-selective BBs

A

bronchospasm
worsen CHF
fatigue

29
Q

withdrawal instructions for BBs

A

avoid abrupt withdrawal

30
Q

5 C/Is for BBs

A 
bradycardia
2nd/3rd degree AV block
uncompensated HF
SBP < 100
cardiogenic shock
31
Q

2 indications for digoxin

A

mild/mod HFrEF

a fib

32
Q

Which drug?

POS inotropy
NEG chronotropy
Increase CO

A

digoxin

33
Q

conditions of caution for digoxin

A

renal dysfunction

hypokalemia

34
Q

4 1st line meds for HTN

A

HCTZ
ACE
ARB
CCB

35
Q

HTN meds most effective in black people…

A

HCTZ, CCBs

36
Q

HTN meds most effective in non-black pts

A

ACE, BBs

37
Q

HTN meds with CKD

A

ACE-I/ARB

38
Q

BP goal 60 yo, no DM/CKD

A

150/90

39
Q

Which drug?

Tx of HTN and vasospastic angina

A

CCBs

40
Q

Which type of CCBs?

potent vasodilators

A

dihydropyridines (dipines)

41
Q

Major SE of dihydropyridines…

A

peripheral edema

42
Q

2 non-dihydropyridines…

A

verapamil, diltiazem

43
Q

Which class of CCBs?

NEG inotropy
NEG chronotropy
less vasodilation

A

non-dihydropyridines

44
Q

3 C/Is for CCBs…

A

SA/AV node abnormality
BBs
HF

45
Q

Alpha 1 blockers are indicated for… (2)

A

HTN

BPH

46
Q

3 selective alpha 1 blockers…

A

prazosin
doxazosin
terazosin

47
Q

2 non-selective alpha blockers

A

phenoxybenzamine

48
Q

major SE of alpha blockers…

A

orthostatic hypotension

49
Q

central alpha agonists are an alternative agent for…

A

refractory htn

50
Q

2 central alpha agonists…

A

clonidine

methyldopa

51
Q

which central alpha agonist is recommended for use in pregnancy?

A

methyldopa

52
Q

3 tests to monitor with methyldopa

A

CBC, LFTs, Coombs

53
Q

Major SE of nitro

A

throbbing HA

54
Q

CCBs can be used for what type of angina?

A

prinzmetal/vasospastic

55
Q

long acting nitrate…

A

isosorbide di/mononitrate

56
Q

2 other cardiac drugs that can be used for long term angina tx

A

BBs

CCBs

Pharm Clinical Correlates (9 decks)

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