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IC > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

Acetazolamide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Oral preparation

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2
Q

Dichlorphenamide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Oral preparation

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3
Q

Methazolamide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Oral preparation

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4
Q

Brinzolamide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Opthalmic preparation

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5
Q

Dorzolamide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Opthalmic preparation

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6
Q

Bumetanide

A

Loop diuretic

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7
Q

Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic

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8
Q

Ethacrynic acid

A

Loop diuretic

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9
Q

Torsemide

A

Loop diuretic

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10
Q

Amiloride

A

Potassium-sparing diuretic

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11
Q

Eplerenone

A

Potassium-sparing diuretic

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12
Q

Spironolactone

A

Potassium-sparing diuretic

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13
Q

Triamterene

A

Potassium-sparing diuretic

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14
Q

Mannitol

A

Osmotic diuretic

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15
Q

Bendroflumethiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic

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16
Q

Chlorothiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic

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17
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic

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18
Q

Indapamide

A

Thiazide diuretic

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19
Q

Methylclothiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic

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20
Q

Metolazone

A

Thiazide diuretic

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21
Q

Polythiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic

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22
Q

Quinethazone

A

Thiazide diuretic

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23
Q

Trichlormethiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic

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24
Q

Conivaptan

A

ADH antagonist

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25
Q

Tolvapton

A

ADH antagonist

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26
Q

-pril

A

ACE inhibitor

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27
Q

-sartan

A

Angiotensin receptor antagonist

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28
Q

Aliskiren

A

Renin inhibitor

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29
Q

Bosentan

A

Endothelin receptor antagonist

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30
Q

Aprepitant

A

Neurokinin-1 receptor antagnonist

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31
Q

Desopressin

A

Vasopressin agonist

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32
Q

Verapamil

A

Calcium channel blocker
Non dihydropyridine
Strongest cardiac effects

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33
Q

Diltiazem

A

Calcium channel blocker
Non dihydropyridine
Intermediate cardiac and vasodilator effects

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34
Q

Amlodipine

A

Calcium channel blocker

Dihydropyridine

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35
Q

Felodipine

A

Calcium channel blocker

Dihydropyridine

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36
Q

Isradipine

A

Calcium channel blocker

Dihydropyridine

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37
Q

Nicardipine

A

Calcium channel blocker
Dihydropyridine
Used for emergent HTN

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38
Q

Nifedipine

A

Calcium channel blocker

Dihydropyridine

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39
Q

Nimodipine

A

Calcium channel blocker

Dihydropyridine

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40
Q

Nisoldipine

A

Calcium channel blocker

Dihydropyridine

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41
Q

Nadolol

A

Non-selective beta blocker

42
Q

Pendutolol

A

Non-selective beta blocker

43
Q

Pindolol

A

Non-selective beta blocker

44
Q

Propranolol

A

Non-selective beta blocker

45
Q

Timolol

A

Non-selective beta blocker

46
Q

Acebutolol

A

Beta1 selective beta blocker

47
Q

Atenolol

A

Beta1 selective beta blocker

48
Q

Bisoprolol

A

Beta1 selective beta blocker

49
Q

Esmolol

A

Beta1 selective beta blocker

IV, short half life

50
Q

Metroprolol

A

Beta1 selective beta blocker

51
Q

Carteolol

A

Beta blocker

NO production

52
Q

Carvedilol

A

Beta blocker

Alpha1 antagonist, blocks Ca2+ entry

53
Q

Labetalol

A

Beta blocker

Alpha1 antagonist

54
Q

Betaxolol

A

Beta1 specific blocker

Blocks Ca2+ entry

55
Q

Nebivolol

A

Beta1 selective blocker

NO production

56
Q

Nitroprusside

A

Vasodilator

NO release

57
Q

Hydralazine

A

Vasodilator

NO release

58
Q

Minoxidil

A

Vasodilator

Opens potassium channels, hyperpolarizes smooth muscle

59
Q

Diazoxide

A

Vasodilator

Opens potassium channels, hyperpolarizes smooth muscle

60
Q

Fenoldopam

A

Vasodilator

Activates dopamine receptors

61
Q

Amyl nitrate

A

Organic nitrate

62
Q

Isosorbide mononitrate

A

Organic nitrate

63
Q

isosorbide dinitrate

A

Organic nitrate

64
Q

Ranolazine

A

Reduces intracellular calcium concentration and reduces cardiac contractility and work

65
Q

Digoxin

A

Increases intracellular sodium and calcium

Increases parasympathetic tone to heart

66
Q

Inamrinone

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Inactive cAMP and cGMP

67
Q

Milrinone

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Inactive cAMP and cGMP

68
Q

Dobutamine

A

B1 agonist

69
Q

Procainamide

A

Class IA antiarrhythmic

Lupus like syndrome

70
Q

Quinidine

A

Class IA antiarrhythmic
Can cause cinchonism (headache, dizziness, tinnitus)
Watch for digoxin interaction

71
Q

Disopyramide

A

Class IA antiarrhythmic

More anti muscarinic effects (HR increase)

72
Q

Lidocaine

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic
Least cardiotoxic Class I
Used for ischemia or digoxin toxicity, not AFib

73
Q

Mexiledine

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic

Lidocaine analog, effective orally

74
Q

Flecainide

A

Class IC antiarrhythmic

Increased mortality in patients with recent MI

75
Q

Propafenone

A

Class IC antiarrhythmic
Increased mortality in patients with recent MI
weak beta blocking activity

76
Q

Moricizine

A

Class IC antiarrhythmic

Increased mortality in patients with recent MI

77
Q

Amiodarone

A

Class III antiarrhythmic

Many side effects

78
Q

Dronedarone

A

Class III antiarrhythmic
analog of amiodarone but no iodines
Liver toxicity

79
Q

Vernakalant

A

Multi-channel blocker

80
Q

Sotalol

A

Class III antiarrhythmic
Non selective beta blocker that prolongs APD
Risk of torsade de pointes

81
Q

Dofetilide

A

Class III antiarrhythmic

82
Q

Ibutilide

A

Class III antiarrhythmic

83
Q

Adenosine

A

Antiarrhythmic
Effects AV node over SA node
Treats paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

84
Q

Magnesium

A

Antiarrhythmic
Prevents torsades de pointes
Treats digoxin-induced arrhythmias

85
Q

Familial hypertriglyceridemia

A

High triglycerides

Tx with Fibrates

86
Q

Familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency

A

High triglycerides

87
Q

ApoCII deficiency

A

High triglycerides

88
Q

Familial hypercholesterolemia

A

High cholesterol
Defect in LDL-receptor
Responds well to statins

89
Q

Familial defective apoB100

A

High cholesterol
Mutaion in apoB100, decreased affinity to LDL receptor
Responds well to statins and niacin

90
Q

Familial combined hyperlipidemia

A

Complex lipid panel

Tx with statins, combine with fibrates as needed

91
Q

Dysbetalipoproteinemia

A

Defects in apoE
Increased chylomicrons and IDL-like particles
Tx with decrease fat and cholesterol intake, niacin and fibrates

92
Q

Statins

A

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

Lowers LDL

93
Q

Niacin

A

Lowers LDL, elevates HDL

94
Q

Gemfibrozil

A

Fibrate

Activate hepatic PPAR-a, decrease plasma triglycerides

95
Q

Lovaza

A 
Omega-3 fatty acid
Reduces triglycerides (activate PPARa)
96
Q

Colestipol

A

Bile acid binding resin
Lowers LDL by 20%
No systemic effects (not absorbed)

97
Q

Cholestyramine

A

Bile acid binding resin
Lowers LDL by 20%
No systemic effects (not absorbed)

98
Q

Colesevelam

A

Bile acid binding resin
Lowers LDL by 20%
No systemic effects (not absorbed)

99
Q

Ezetimibe

A

Inhibits intestinal absorption of cholesterol and phytosterols

100
Q

Simcor

A

Extended release niacin plus simvastatin

101
Q

Vytorin

A

ezetimibe plus simvastatin

IC (5 decks)

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