Cardio Flashcards
PR interval
Conduction through the AV node
ST segment
Period of zero potential between ventricular depolarisation and repolarisation
QRS complex
Ventricular depolarisation
Where are baroreceptors found?
Carotid sinus and aortic arch
What is the L atria developed from?
4 primitive pulmonary veins
What is the R atrium developed from?
Primitive atrium and sinus venosus
What is the R ventricle developed from?
Bulbis cordis
What is the L ventricle developed from?
Primitive ventricle
When does the heart start beating?
day 22
Aortic valve sound
3rd intercostal space - right
Tricuspid valve sound
4th intercostal space
Pulmonary valve sound
2nd intercostal space -left
Bicuspid valve sound
5th intercostal space
% involved in dominance
70% right
10% left
20% co dominant
Where does the aorta pierce the diaphragm
T12
Where does the oesophagus pierce the diaphragm
T10
Where does the IVC pierce the diaphragm
T8
Where does the superior mess enteric artery come off the abdominal aorta?
l1
Where does the renal artery come off the abdominal aorta?
L1-L2
Where does the inferior mesenteric artery come off the abdominal aorta?
L3
P wave
Atrial depolarisation
What is the Frank Starling Mechanism?
The stroke volume of the heart increases as the end diastolic volume increases when all the other factors stay the same
Name a potent vasodilator
Prostacyclin
Name a potent vasoconstrictor
Endothelium
What is the endothelium derived relaxing factor
Nitric oxide (NO)
How is interstitial fluid returned to the CV system
1) thoracic duct
2) left subclavian vein
What is vasculogenesis
When blood islands form in the mesoderm forming blood cells and vessels
What is the aortic vestibule?
- an embryonic derivative of the bulbis cordis
- smooth walled
- outflow of left atria?
What are the branches of the aortic arch?
Brachiocephalic
Left common carotid
Left subclavian
What does the internal thoracic split into?
Superior epigastric
Muscularphrenic
What is the blood supply of the anterior chest?
Internal thoracic
