Cardio Flashcards
What is the functional blood supply to heart muscle itself?
Coronary Circulation
When is blood in the coronary circulation delivered ?
when the heart is relaxed
What ventricle for coronary circulation receives most of the blood supply?
left ventricle
Does the arterial supply varies among ind?
Yes
What does coronary circulation have many of?
anastomoses (junctions)
What do anastomoses in coronary circulation provide?
additional routes for blood delivery, but can’t compensate for coronary occlusion
In coronary circulation, Where do arteries arise from ?
base of aorta
What are the left coronary artery branches called?
Anterior interventricular artery and circumflex artery
What is the function of left coronary artery branches?
Supplies interventricular septum, anterior ventricular walls, left atrium, and posterior wall of left ventricle
What are the right coronary arteries branches named?
right marginal artery and posterior interventricular artery
What are the right coronary arteries function?
Supplies right atrium and most of right ventricle
What are cardiac veins?
In the coronary circulation, they are veins that collect blood from capillary beds
Coronary sinus
coronary circulation vein
empties into right atrium; formed by merging cardiac veins
Great cardiac vein of anterior interventricular sulcus
Middle cardiac vein in posterior interventricular sulcus
Small cardiac vein from inferior margin
Great cardiac vein
part of coronary sinus thus coronary circulation vein that is of the anterior interventricular sulcus
Middle Cardiac Vein
part of coronary sinus thus coronary circulation vein
in posterior interventricular sulcus
Small cardiac vein
part of coronary sinus thus coronary circulation vein
from inferior margin
In coronary circulation, what veins empty directly into right atrium?
several anterior cardiac veins
Which is a reversible disease, angina pectoris or myocardial infarction?
Angina pectoris
What are cardiac muscle cells like?
striated, short, branched, fat, interconnected, 1 (perhaps 2) central nuclei
What does connective tissue matrix (endomysium) connect to?
cardiac skeleton
has many capillaries
Intercalated discs purpose in cardiac cells
j(x) btw cells that anchor cardiac cells have demosomes and gap junctions
purpose of demosomes in cardiac cells
prevent cells from separating during contraction
purpose of gap junctions in cardiac cell
allows ions to pass from cell to cell; electronically couple adjacent cells
allows heart to be function syncytium
What happens at threshold?
Ca2+ channels open up
Pacemaker Potential
Slow depolarization is due to both opening Na+ channels and closing of K+ channels; membrane potential is never flat line
Depolarization
The action potential begins when the pacemaker potential reaches THRESHOLD, and is due to Ca2+ influx through Ca2+ channels
Repolarization
Ca2+ channels inactivating, K+ channels opening, this allows K+ efflux (reduction of positive charge back to -90mV), this brings back the membrane potential to most negative voltage.
