Cardio

Question 1

What is the functional blood supply to heart muscle itself?

Answer 1

Coronary Circulation

Question 2

When is blood in the coronary circulation delivered ?

Answer 2

when the heart is relaxed

Question 3

What ventricle for coronary circulation receives most of the blood supply?

Answer 3

left ventricle

Question 4

Does the arterial supply varies among ind?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

What does coronary circulation have many of?

Answer 5

anastomoses (junctions)

Question 6

What do anastomoses in coronary circulation provide?

Answer 6

additional routes for blood delivery, but can’t compensate for coronary occlusion

Question 7

In coronary circulation, Where do arteries arise from ?

Answer 7

base of aorta

Question 8

What are the left coronary artery branches called?

Answer 8

Anterior interventricular artery and circumflex artery

Question 9

What is the function of left coronary artery branches?

Answer 9

Supplies interventricular septum, anterior ventricular walls, left atrium, and posterior wall of left ventricle

Question 10

What are the right coronary arteries branches named?

Answer 10

right marginal artery and posterior interventricular artery

Question 11

What are the right coronary arteries function?

Answer 11

Supplies right atrium and most of right ventricle

Question 12

What are cardiac veins?

Answer 12

In the coronary circulation, they are veins that collect blood from capillary beds

Question 13

Coronary sinus

Answer 13

coronary circulation vein
empties into right atrium; formed by merging cardiac veins
Great cardiac vein of anterior interventricular sulcus
Middle cardiac vein in posterior interventricular sulcus
Small cardiac vein from inferior margin

Question 14

Great cardiac vein

Answer 14

part of coronary sinus thus coronary circulation vein that is of the anterior interventricular sulcus

Question 15

Middle Cardiac Vein

Answer 15

part of coronary sinus thus coronary circulation vein

in posterior interventricular sulcus

Question 16

Small cardiac vein

Answer 16

part of coronary sinus thus coronary circulation vein

from inferior margin

Question 17

In coronary circulation, what veins empty directly into right atrium?

Answer 17

several anterior cardiac veins

Question 18

Which is a reversible disease, angina pectoris or myocardial infarction?

Answer 18

Angina pectoris

Question 19

What are cardiac muscle cells like?

Answer 19

striated, short, branched, fat, interconnected, 1 (perhaps 2) central nuclei

Question 20

What does connective tissue matrix (endomysium) connect to?

Answer 20

cardiac skeleton

has many capillaries

Question 21

Intercalated discs purpose in cardiac cells

Answer 21

j(x) btw cells that anchor cardiac cells have demosomes and gap junctions

Question 22

purpose of demosomes in cardiac cells

Answer 22

prevent cells from separating during contraction

Question 23

purpose of gap junctions in cardiac cell

Answer 23

allows ions to pass from cell to cell; electronically couple adjacent cells
allows heart to be function syncytium

Question 24

What happens at threshold?

Answer 24

Ca2+ channels open up

Question 25

Pacemaker Potential

Answer 25

Slow depolarization is due to both opening Na+ channels and closing of K+ channels; membrane potential is never flat line

Question 26

Depolarization

Answer 26

The action potential begins when the pacemaker potential reaches THRESHOLD, and is due to Ca2+ influx through Ca2+ channels

Question 27

Repolarization

Answer 27

Ca2+ channels inactivating, K+ channels opening, this allows K+ efflux (reduction of positive charge back to -90mV), this brings back the membrane potential to most negative voltage.