Cardio

Question 1

Syncope

Answer 1

1-Vasovagal ( triggered + prodrome
2-Carotid hypersensitivity ( tactile stimulus)
3- Autonomic dysfunctions ( orthostatic)
4- hypovolemia ( orthostatic + blood loss
5- lv outflow obstruction ( with exertion + murmur)
6- ventricular arrhythmia no warning symptoms and ischemic HD
7- conduction impairment ecg abnormalities

Question 2

Cyanide toxicity ( nitroprusside for emergency hypertension)

Answer 2

Altered mental status and lactic acidosis and seizures

Question 3

Acute cocaine intoxication

Answer 3

Psychomotor agitation, dilated pupils, tachy , hypertension with stemi
Treated by benzodiazepines

Question 4

Heat stroke

Answer 4

Temperature >40
Cns dysfunction
Tachycardia with hypotension
DIC and hemoconcentration

Question 5

Atheroemblosim
Risk factors cardiac catheter

Answer 5

Livedo reticularis , blue toe syndrome (purple mottling of the skin)
And subacute renal injury
Eosinophilia

Question 6

Latex allergy widely used in the medical community
Anaphylactic shock

Answer 6

IgE mediated type 1
Urticarial skin rash
Hypotension
Bronchi constriction upper air way edema

Question 7

Atrial tachy and av block

Answer 7

Most common side effect of digoxin
Increases the vagal tone

Question 8

Vasospastic angina or variant or prinzmetal
Vascular smooth muscle hyperactivity

Answer 8

Young and smoking and recurrent chest discomfort
Spontaneous resolution < 15 min

Question 9

Takotaubo or stress induced cardiomyopathy
Women ( recent physical or emotional)

Answer 9

Lv apical hypokinessis and basilar hyper
Balloon shape on echo

Question 10

Austin flint murmur
Rumbling mid late diastolic murmur
( severe aortic regurgitation)

Answer 10

Blood flow from the aorta ( retrograde) mixing with blood flow from the atrium (anterograde)

Question 11

ECG sign of hypothermia

Answer 11

Long Qt interval ( Osborn wave
Brady and prolonged PR