Cardio

Question 1

Sincopa Stokes Adams apare in:

Answer 1

BAV gr 3( complet) cu QRS largi

Question 2

Medicamente care determina BAV gr 3 :

Answer 2

4 ABCD
Amiodarona
Beta-blocante
Ca-blocante NDP
Digoxin

Question 3

Hemiblocuri si deviatii axiale

Answer 3

hemibloc fasc A-S ➡️DAS

hemibloc fasc P-I ➡️ DAD

Question 4

Hemibloc stang ANT

Answer 4

dev axiala stanga

S adanca in D3 + aVF

Question 5

Ritm sinusal pe ekg

Answer 5

P + in DI, DII

P - in aVR

Question 6

Cele mai frecvente cai aberante in AVRT

Answer 6

fascicule KENT

Question 7

Palpitatii cu caracter neregulat in TPSV

Answer 7

• ExA preex
• Fl A cu transm variabila
• FIA
• tah atriala multi-focala

Question 8

Caracteristic pt palpitatiile din TPSV

Answer 8

se termina prin manevra Valsalva

Question 9

Cele mai frecv cauze FIA

Answer 9

HTA si IC

Question 10

Cauze clasice FIA

Answer 10

🫀 reumatica
intoxicatia cu 🥃
tireotoxicoza

Question 11

Indicatii : control ritm in Fia

Answer 11

tineri, SY, activi fizic
cu : antiaritmice: Ia, Ic, III
ablatia AS- Fia paroxistica/persistenta recenta

Question 12

Indicatii control FC in FIA

Answer 12

Fia permanenta
Fia persistenta in caz de esec cardioverse/antiaritmice
>65 ani + tahiaritmii atriale recurente( “fia acceptata”

cu : digoxin, beta blocante, ca-blocante NDP
“ablate and pace” la varstnici slab controlati medicamentos

Question 13

Metoda “pace and ablate”

Answer 13

Ablatia NAV + implantare stimulator cardiac
la 👨🏼‍🦳🧑🏻‍🦳 cu control slab medicamentos
efect: ⬇️ simptomele
necesita anticoagulare toata viata

Question 14

scoruri in FIA

Answer 14

CHA2DS2VASC pt Fia non-valvulara

HAS-BLED pt risc hemoragic in anticoagulare

Question 15

putem demasca undele F “in dinti de fierastrau” din Fl A care nu sunt vizibile prin :

Answer 15

masaj carotidian

blocante ale cond AV: Verapamil / Adenozina

Question 16

Cardioversie farmacologica FiA vs Fl A

Answer 16

Fia : Ic : Flecainida, propafenona iv + oral
III : Amiodarona, Vernakalant

Fl A : Ic: Fleicainida, propafenona
III: Dofetilida, Ibutilida superioare

Question 17

Cel mai frecvent model in Fl A

Answer 17

tipic sau antiorar

Question 18

De electie in flutter atrial recurent:

Answer 18

ablatia cu cateter - intrerupe circ de reintrare prin bloc de cond in istmul dintre inel tricuspidian + VCI

Question 19

TAM

Answer 19

EKG: unde P cu morfologii dif >3 si intervale RR neregulate

asociere cu BPC

Question 20

TJA

Answer 20

EKG ca in AVNRT

rara la adulti

Question 21

Tratament in sdr Brugada

Answer 21

ICD

Question 22

EKG sdr Brugada

Answer 22

BRD + supradev ST concava V1, V2, V3

FiA

Question 23

Caracteristic pt ExV

Answer 23

pulsus bigeminus

aspect de “R pe T” - duce la FIV la cei cu boal cardiaca ( post-IM)

Question 24

TVNS apare la
….% cu boala str cardiaca
…..% cu cord normal

Answer 24

60-80% ; beta blocante + ICD

6% ; nu necesita Tx

Question 25

Tx pe termen lung tahiaritmii

Answer 25

1. antiaritmice 2. ablatie 3. ICD

Question 26

Clasificarea Forrester

Answer 26

bazata pe cateterismul drept, ofera inf terapeutice si prognostice

Question 27

⬇️ flux coronarian de sange oxigenat:

Answer 27

1. anemia 2. carboxihemoglobinemia 3. hTA prin ⬇️ pres de perfuzie coronara

Question 28

Scoruri ce evalueaza riscul vital in SCA:

Answer 28

TIMI-NSTEMI/AI ☠️ la 14 zile GRACE- ☠️ la 6 luni de la externare din spital pt un SCA TIMI in STEMI- risc de ☠️ la 30 zile

Question 29

Scorul GRACE include

Answer 29

``` varsta FC TA Creatinina serica clasa Killip la prezentare Antecedente de ICC, IM Enzime cardiace, SUBdeniv ST Fara PCI in spital ```

Question 30

Sunt inhibitori GP IIb/IIIa :

Answer 30

1. ABCIXIMAB - PCI in urm 24h 2. EPTIFIBATIDA- risc inalt tratat med/PCI 3. TIROFIBRAN - risc inalt tratat med/PCI Doar cand exista tromboza marcata la CORO/ complicatii PCI( embolizare distala) sunt antagonisti ai agregarii plachetare.

Question 31

Ocluzia trombotica a unei a coronare produce NECROZA in :

Answer 31

15-30 minute

Question 32

IN STEMI primul afectat este:

Answer 32

miocardul SUBENDOCARDIC

Question 33

La cat timp se face EKG la primul contact cu un pac cu STEMI?

Answer 33

la 10 minute, cu repetare la fiecare 15 min daca nu are mod si durerea continua

Question 34

Metoda preferata de reperfuzie in STEMI este :

Answer 34

angioplastia primara percutana( PCI) in prima h

Question 35

Intervalul de timp in care se poate efectua PCI in STEMI

Answer 35

primele 60 min - 1H

Question 36

Intervalul de timp in care putem efectua tromboliza in STEMI:

Answer 36

primele 6h

Question 37

Anticoagulante alternative in HIT

Answer 37

DANAparoid ArgaTROBAN iv Fondaparinux ⛔️ nu se reexpun la heparina!

Question 38

Interactiuni medicamentoase ale Warfarinei

Answer 38

Inductori/Inhibitori citocrom P450 | Aspirina; Clopidogrel

Question 39

Riscuri trat cu warfarina

Answer 39

sangerare majora 2% pe an sangerare fatala( intracraniana) 0,25% Au loc in intervalul tinta INR cu cat INR ⬆️, cu atat ⬆️ riscul hemoragic

Question 40

FiA cu pre-excitatie pe ekg

Answer 40

QRS largi, neregulate

Question 41

Apar prin circuit de macroreintrare:

Answer 41

1. AVRT 2. Flutter atrial 3. Tahi A- int chir pt b ❤️ congenitale

Question 42

CI absolute transplant 🫀

Answer 42

⬆️ RVP | Cancer

Question 43

Ce vasodilatator se da in ICA hipertensiva?

Answer 43

Nitroprusiat de Na- 0,3-0,5/kg/min iv

Question 44

Algoritm in angina

Answer 44

1. NTG cu durata scurta 2. b-blocant / calciu-blocant 3. revascularizare: PCI/ CABG

Question 45

EKG in STEMI

Answer 45

supradeniv ST | BRS

Question 46

Aspect de fortare(strain) al VS

Answer 46

subdv ST si T inversate in deriv care privesc VS ( D1, aVL, V5 si V6) - suprasolicitare de pres in SAo severa