Cardiac & Vascular Function curves Flashcards

1
Q

Changes in Contractility

Altered CO for given RA pressure (Preload)

A

Inotropy

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2
Q

Catecholamines
Digoxin +

Gives ? Inotropic Effect

A

+ Inotropy Examples

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3
Q

Uncompensated HF
Narcotic overdose
Sympathetic Inhibition -

Give ? Inotropic Effect

A
  • Inotropy Examples
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4
Q

altered RA pressure for a given CO

A

Venous Return

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5
Q

Mean systemic pressure (x-intercept) changes with?

A

Venous Return (changes in circulating volume/ venous tone)

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6
Q

Fluid Infusion
Sympathetic activity

? Venous Return

A

+ venous return

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7
Q

Acute Hemorrhage

Spinal Anesthesia

A
  • venous return
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8
Q

At a given Mean Systemic Pressure (x-intercept) and RA pressure, changes in TPR –> altered CO

A

TPR effect

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9
Q

Vasopressor = ? TPR

A

+ TPR

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10
Q

Exercise
AV shunt

=? TPR

A
  • TPR
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11
Q

Period between
MV closing
AV Opens

A

Isovolumetric Contraction

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12
Q

period of highest o2 consumption

A

Isovolumetric Contraction

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13
Q

Period between
AV opening
AV closing

A

Systolic Ejection

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14
Q

Period between
AV closing
MV open

A

Isovolumetric Relaxation

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15
Q

Period

Just after mitral valve opening

A

Rapid Filling

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16
Q

Period

Just before Mitral Valve Closing

A

Rapid Filling to

Reduced Filling

17
Q

S1 occurs:

A

Mitral Valve Closes

18
Q

S2 occurs:

A

Aortic Valve Closes

19
Q

S3 occurs:

A

after MV opens

20
Q

S4 occurs:

A

Before MV Closes

21
Q

Increased Contractility

3 results

A
Increased
      1. SV
      2. EF
Decreased
       1. ESV
22
Q

Increased Afterload

3 results

A

Increased

  1. Aortic Pressure
  2. ESV

Decreased
1. SV

23
Q

Increased Preload leads to:

A

Increased SV

24
Q

Valve Closure S1

A

MV
Tricuspid Valve

(“my trees - are pretty”)

25
Valve Closure S2
AV Pulmonary Valve "my trees-are pretty"
26
Which Heart Sound is loudest at Mitral Area?
S1
27
Which Heart Sound is loudest at LUS border (left upper sternal )?
S2
28
S3 Heart sounds during
ED's RV Early Diastole during Rapid Ventricular Filling Phase
29
S3 is associated with
Increased filling pressures | e.g. Mitral Reguritation, HF
30
Which Heart Sound is more common in dilated ventricles (but can be in normal children & young adults)
S3
31
Which Heart Sound Late Diastole "Arterial kick"
S4
32
S4 best heard
Apex of patients Left Lateral Decubitus position
33
Which Heart sound has High Atrial Pressure
S4
34
Heart Sound associated with Ventricular noncompliance (e.g. Hypertrophy)
S4
35
Left Atrium must push up against stiff LV wall | Consider Abnormal, regardless of patient age
S4