Cardiac Surgery Flashcards
Leading contributor to a CABG
Atherosclerosis (CAD)
Amount of blood prepared for CABG procedure…
6 Liters w/ T&C
% mortality with heart surgery
1-2%
Heart & Lung machine can lead to…
massive edema
Heparin & HL Machine:
100% heparinized and reversed with protamine before leaving OR
What does the HL machine hook up to?
Cannulate Inferior/Superior Vena Cava & Aorta
Body temp for CABG procedure
35 degrees centigrade
Cardioplegia:
put K+ in and around the heart so that it stops
MIDCAB Procedure:
CABG that is only on one vessel.
Hospital stay for MIDCAB:
3 day recovery
Open Heart Surgery Defib
15-20 joules
CABG Complications
Low CO Acute MI Dysrhythmias (A-Fib common) Hemorrhage PE Electrolyte Imbalances Cerebral Infarction ARDS Renal Failure Cardiac Tamponade
Cardiac Tamponade:
fluid build up in pericardial sac putting too much pressure on the heart
Cardiac Output Normal
4-8 L/min
Stroke Volume Normal
60-130ml/beat
Formula for CO
HR x SV
Dopamine Low Dose
1-5 mcg/kg/min
Dopamine Low Dose Action:
^ renal artery perfusion
Dopamine Moderate Dose
5-10 mcg/kg/min
Dopamine Moderate Dose Receptor
Beta
Dopamine Moderate Dose Action
^ CO by ^HR & Contractility
Dopamine High Dose
> 10 mcg/kg/min
Dopamine High Dose Receptor
Alpha
Dopamine High Dose Action
Vasoconstriction (elevated BP)
Dobutamine Action:
^ contractility and CO without ^ HR
Dobutamine Dosage:
2-20 mcg/kg/min
titrated to patient response
Valve Replacement:
Biological
Human
Porcine
Bovine
Valve Replacement:
Mechanical
Ball-n-cage
Leaflet
Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump placed via:
femoral artery
IABP inflates when ventricles are _________.
resting
IABP assists to refill the ________________.
Coronary arteries
IABP is a:
Counter-pulsation device
IABP Indications:
LV Failure Mechanical Dysfunction Uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias Unstable Angina Septic/Cardiogenic Shock Prophylaxis
