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2. CARDIAC > CARDIAC Section 1: Chambers > Flashcards

CARDIAC Section 1: Chambers Flashcards

1
Q

LEFT VS RIGHT ATRIUM

Anterior

A

RIght Atrium

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2
Q

LEFT VS RIGHT ATRIUM

Defined by the IVC

A

Right Atrium

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3
Q

LEFT VS RIGHT ATRIUM

Crista Terminalis

A

Right Atrium

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4
Q

What muscle runs from the peak of the crista terminalis and run straight into the atrial appendage?

A

Pectinate Muscles

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5
Q

Where are the pectinate muscles found in the left atrium?

A

Inner surface of the left atrial appendage

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6
Q

Which atrial appendage has a triangular appearance with WIDE opening

A

RIght Atrial appendage

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7
Q

Which atrial appednage has a NARROW opening?

A

Left atrial appendage

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8
Q

Identify

A

Crista Terminalis

  • Not a clot
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9
Q

It is a muscular ridge that runs from the entrance of the SVC to that of the inferior vena cava.

A

Crista Terminalis

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10
Q

What is the main draining vein of the myocardium?

A

Coronary sinus

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11
Q

Where does the coronary atrium run and enter?

A

It runs in the AV groove on the posterior surface of the heart

and ENTERS the right atrium near the tricuspid valve.

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12
Q

A normal anatomic structure that looks like a little flap in the IVC as it hooks up to the atrium.

A

Eustachain Valve

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13
Q
  1. Identify
  2. What do you call when the tissue of this valve has a more trabeculated appearance?
A
  1. Eustachian Valve
  2. What do you call when the tissue of this valve has a more trabeculated appearance?
    Chiari Network
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14
Q

What ventricle is defined by the moderator band?

A

Right ventricle

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15
Q

Identify

A

Moderator band

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16
Q

Identify

A

Moderator band

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17
Q

What does the moderator band do?

A

Acts as part of the right budle branch

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18
Q

What ventricle has a muscular outflow tract?

A

Right ventricle

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19
Q

What ventricle has a fibrous outflow track? - Continuous with the mitral valve

A

Left ventricle

20
Q

Which ventricle has an extensive trabechulae

A

Right ventricle

21
Q

The 2 chamber view is good for these few thing:

A
  1. Wall motion/Global LV function
  2. Mitral Valve issues
22
Q

This view resembles a “basilisk fang” and is obtained from a bisection of the LV, parallel to the IV septum

A

2 Chamber long axis single oblique

23
Q

This view allows assesment of both mitral and tricuspid valves

A

The Horizonal Long Axis (4 Chamber View)

24
Q

The 4 chamber view is not great for looking at many congenital heart problems, except:

A

AV canal defect

25
Q

What view is this?

What is the defect?

A

4 chamber view

Atrioventricular septal defect w

ith ostium primum atrial septal defect (arrowhead) and inlet ventricular septal defect (arrow).

26
Q

This is a “down the barrel of polyjuice potion” series of views taken perpendicular to the long axis of the heart.

A

LV Short Axis view

27
Q

The short axis view is obtained perpendicular to what axis?

A

4 chamber horizontal long axis

28
Q

What view is this?

Identify the structures

A
29
Q

Other name for the 3 chamber view

A

Apical LONG axis view

29
Q

This view is obtained by using a short axis view around the mid-base region near the aortic outflow tract

A

Apical long axis view (3 chamber)

30
Q

What view is this?

A

3 chamber view

31
Q

The advantage of the 3 chamber view

A

Visualization of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)

32
Q

Best view to show aortic regurgitation or stenosis?

A

3 chamber view

33
Q

Descibe the right Atrial enlargement on CXR

A

Shifting of the right heart border

34
Q

Described the right Ventricle enlargement

A

Cardiac apex is tilted up and out

35
Q

Describe the left ventricle enlargement

A

Cardiac apex is tilted DOWN and OUT

36
Q

Indirect signs of left atrial enlargement

A

Widenening of the carinal angle (>90)
Elevation of the left main Bronchus
Walking man sign

37
Q

A classic sign describing the posterio displacemnt of the left mainstem bronchus

A

Walking man sign

38
Q

Identify the lesion

A

Echogenic focus in the left ventricle

39
Q

What is the Echogenic focus in the Left ventricle?

They are associated with what increase of incidence?

A

Calcified papillary muscle

Downs Syndrome

40
Q

DIagnosis?

A

Lipomatous hypertrophy of the Interarterial Septum

41
Q

dumbbell (bilobed) appearance of fat density in the atrial septum

A

Lipomatous hypertrophy of the Interarterial Septum

42
Q

What structure is spared in the Lipomatous hypertrophy of the Interarterial Septum

A

Fossa ovalis

43
Q

Lipomatous hypertrophy of the Interarterial Septum can cause what type of Arythmia?

A

Supraventricular arrythmia

43
Q

How thick should the atriaul septum be in Lipomatous hypertrophy of the Interarterial Septum?

A

> 2cm

44
Q

Describe the lipoma in the interatrial septum

A

Uncommon
encapsulated
DOES NOT spare the fossa ovalis
Rarely associated with arrythmia

2. CARDIAC (13 decks)

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