Cardiac pain management Flashcards
Morphine Sulfate
Classification: opioid/narcotic analgesic, opioid agonist
MOA: binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, altering perception to pain and causing some sedation. Also decreases myocardial o2 demand.
Pharmacokinetics: Onset Immediate IV, 10-30 min IM, Duration 2-7 hrs; HL: 1-7 Hrs
Indications: severe pain, pulmonary edema, pain associated with MI
AR/SE: respiratory depression, hypotension, confusion, sedations, N/V, constipation
Contraindications: known allergy, known hypersensitivity to tartazins, bisulfites, or alcohol
Dosage: Adult: 2-5 mg IV (5-10mg IM) q10 min for desired effect Peds( or adults under 50 kg): 0.01mg/kg IV, SQ, IM may repeat for desired effect, max dose 15 mg.
Special Considerations: Use caution in patients with head trauma, increased ICP. Use caution in pts with undiagnosed abdominal pain
Nitrous Oxide
Classification: medicinal gas, analgesic
MOA: exact MOA unknown, inhalation of 50% mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen produces CNS depression and rapid pain relief.
Pharmacokinetics: rapid onset (2 minutes), duration 2-5 min
Indications: moderate to severe pain
AR/SE: lightheadedness, N/V, drowsiness, decreased respirations
Contraindications: known allergy, pts with decreased LOC, thoracic trauma, respiratory compromise, abdominal distention, pts who cannot follow simple instructions
Dosage: Self-administered
Special considerations: do not administer for abdominal pain if intestinal blockage is a possibility, nitrous oxide may collect in the obstructed space and aggravate the obstruction.
