Cardiac medications Flashcards
what are the goals when giving cardiac medications to our clients
obtaining a balance between workload of the heart, BP, HR, and fluid balance.
what is the generic name of the loop diuretic
Furosemide
How does a loop diuretic work?
works at the loop of Henle to decrease the reabsorption of sodium and chloride; therefore, creating large amounts of solute-rich urine.
loop diuretics are the main treatment for…
hypertension
the overexpression side effects of loop diuretics are…
electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia+hypokalemia), arrhythmias, hypotension and associated symptoms
why can loop diuretics cause arrhythmias
because of the imbalance with potassium
what are the outcomes of taking loop diuretics? (3)
good BP, decreased edema, increased output
why do you want to give Furosemide in the AM
because it causes voiding, dont want to be up all night to go to the bathroom- fall risk
what reading of blood pressure would make you stop and think before giving the loop diuretic
100/60
this medication allows calcium to enter the myocardial cells which increases contractility and increases cardiac output, and decreases the heart rate= stronger slower beat
Digoxin
what is the therapeutic window for Digoxin
0.8-2.0 ng/ml
what are the indications of cardiac glycosides(digoxin)
to manage the heart rate, manage heart rhythm with arrhythmias, also used to manage congestive heart failure
overexpression side effect of digoxin
bradycardia- fatigue
3 nursing considerations for cardiac glycosides
HR- below 60 stop and think.
signs of digitoxicity
teach signs of digitoxicity
signs and symptoms of digitoxicity
halo around lights, blurred vision, bradycardia
generic name of beta blockers
Metropolol
how do beta blockers work
block receptors that would normally accept epinephrine and norepinephrine, decreasing HR and BP.
3 indications of beta blockers (reason to give)
manage heart rate, hypertension, given post MI
what are the overexpression side effects of Metoprolol
bradycardia and hypotension
nursing considerations of beta blockers
check BP and HR before giving (what is the baseline for this patient)
this medication interferes with platelet aggregation to decrease the potential for clots
antiplatelet- Aspirin
what is the overexpression side effect of antiplatelets
bleeding
what is the indication to take an antiplatelet
having cardiac risk factors
what should nurses consider when administering Aspirin
talking with the client to see if any risk factors are modifiable
