Cardiac infections Flashcards
Infective Endocarditis
The person should have a preexistent heart disease. Rarely in normal people
Can affect
1. Prosthetic valves- pathogen sticks on the prosthetic and grows on it
- Native valves- Pathogen inflames native valve
2 main categories of infective. endocarditis:
1. Acute- highly virulence bacteria. Large lesions and abscesses formation on previously healthy native valve. Fulminant course. Duration is less than 14 days
2.Subacute- less virulence bacteria. Small lesion on damaged/artificial valves. Indolent course. Duration is from 5-6 weeks
Causative agents for infective endocarditis- that usually grows in culture
Staphylococcus aureus- Skin, abscess and nasopharynx
Staphylococcus epidermis- Skin, indwelling, IV central/peripheral lines
Viridans step- Oral cavity(gingiva) and pharynx
Enterococcus spp.- Colon/lower urinary tract
Streptococcus gallolytics - Colon/lower urinary tract
Pseudomonas aureginosa- Environment
Candida- Skin and mucosous membrane
Aspergillus- Respiratory tract
Causative agents for infective endocarditis- that DO NOT grows in culture
HACEK- Hemophilus, Aggregatibacter,Cardiobacterium, Eikenella and Kingella - ORAL CAVITY and pharynx
Coxiella burnettii (Q fever)- Unpasteurized milk/dairy
Bartonella spp.- B.henselae: cats
B quintana- Louse infestation
Brucella- Unpasteurized milk/dairy
Tropheryma whipplei- Not clear GI tract colonizer
