Cardiac Foundations

Question 1

What is the purpose of the fibrous skeleton?

Answer 1

Separates electrical signals between the atria and ventricles and provides structure for the heart and valves

Question 2

Name the cardiac muscle layers in order from outside to inside.

Answer 2

Epicardium, Myocardium, endocardium

Question 3

Name the pericardial fibrous sac layers from outside to inside.

Answer 3

Parietal cavity, Pericardial cavity, Visceral pericardium

Question 4

The later of the pericardiac sack adhering to the wall of the epicardium.

Answer 4

Visceral Pericardium

Question 5

The part of the pericardial fibrous sac that is fluid filled?

Answer 5

Pericardial cavity

Question 6

The layer of the pericardial fibrous sac that adheres to the diaphragm?

Answer 6

Partietal cavity

Question 7

The artery that supplies blood to the SA node, the bottom, the back , and the right side of the heart

Answer 7

Right coronary artery (RCA)

Question 8

The artery that supplies blood to the front and left side of the heart

Answer 8

Left main coronary artery

Question 9

Removes Co2 and waste products from the heart muscle

Answer 9

Coronary veins

Question 10

Pacemaker of the heart

Answer 10

SA node

Question 11

Has a bpm of 60-100bpm

Answer 11

SA node

Question 12

What slows down the conduction from the SA node to allow proper ventricular filling time?

Answer 12

AV node

Question 13

Has a bpm of 40-60 bpm

Answer 13

AV node

Question 14

final pacemaker of the heart

Answer 14

His Bundle

Question 15

Has a bpm of 20-40 bpm

Answer 15

His bundle

Question 16

Separates the atrial tissue from the trabeculated segments of the RA

Answer 16

crista terminalis

Question 17

Band of tissue that surrounds the fossa ovalis

Answer 17

Limbic ridge

Question 18

More prominent the bigger challenge to target the fossa ovals for transeptal access/ puncture

Answer 18

Limbic ridge

Question 19

Semi- circular fold as the coronary sinus enters the RA

Answer 19

Thebesian valve

Question 20

The more prominent the tissue the more of a challenge it is to advance the catheter

Answer 20

Thebesian Valve

Question 21

Fibrous tissue that runs along the floor from the RA from the ICV anteriorly to the AV node

Answer 21

Tendon of Todaro

Question 22

Lines the junction where the IVC and RA connect

Answer 22

Eustachian ridge

Question 23

For later individuals or ones with well developed this ridge can be a challenge for ablations

Answer 23

Eustachian ridge

Question 24

This slows atrial conductions and is known as an area of slow conduction

Answer 24

Cavotricuspid isthmus

Question 25

The tissue between the oriface of the IVC and the attachment of the leaf of the tricuspid valve

Answer 25

Cavotricuspid Isthmus

Question 26

What does the triangle of Koch consist of?

Answer 26

Tendon of Todaro, Bundle of HIS, Septal leaflet of the tricuspid annulus, CS os

Question 27

Where is the Triangle of Koch located?

Answer 27

An imaginary region in the lower right atrial septum

Question 28

Keeps the blood moving from the RA to the RV

Answer 28

RVOT

Question 29

These contract to prevent prolapse of the tricuspid valve

Answer 29

Papillary muscles

Question 30

These tighten or lengthen to open the valves

Answer 30

Chordae Tendineae

Question 31

Prevents the ventricles from over stretching and can be an obstruction for placing catheters in the RV

Answer 31

Moderator band

Question 32

On the epicardium between the LAA and Ostia of the left PV

Answer 32

Ridge of Marshall

Question 33

Provides structural support for the Left PV and mitral Valve

Answer 33

Ridge of Marshall

Question 34

Facilitates conduction between the left and right atria

Answer 34

Bauchmans bundle

Question 35

Segment of HIS that transitions into the his bundle

Answer 35

Nodal his

Question 36

Segment of HIS bundle that Contains cells that delays conduction

Answer 36

Nodal

Question 37

Segment of the HIS that receives input form the crest terminals and intertribal septum

Answer 37

Atrial node

Question 38

Separates the muscles wall from the atria to avoid the ventricles pacing 1-1 with the atria and are non conductive

Answer 38

Trigones

Question 39

Where is the CS os located in reference to the tricuspid valve?

Answer 39

Posterior

Question 40

Valve is found in front of CS and may make entry more challenging?

Answer 40

Thebesian