Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Spring 2020 Applied Dental Hygiene > Cardiac Emergencies > Flashcards

Cardiac Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

A 
Gender
Age
Heredity
Obesity
Physical Inactivity
Smokers*
HBP
High Cholesterol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chest pains is

A

Angina Pectoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  • Chest Pain caused by lack of oxygen to myocardium

- Reversible Not Causing Actual Necrosis

A

Angina Pectoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 Syndromes of Angina

A

Stable: Precipitating factor is emotional stress, physical exertion. 1-15minutes. Good response nitro.

Variant: Coronary artery spasm, occurs at rest, no cause. 5-30 minutes. Good response to nitro.

Unstable: Emotional stress, physical exertion *Can occur at rest. Up to 30 minutes. Responds poorly to nitro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Signs & Symptoms Angina are similar to ___ ___

A

Heart attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • Generalized chest discomfort- dull constant pressure
  • Radiates to left shoulder, arm, neck, lower jaw, tongue
  • Diaphoresis
  • Pallor
  • Nausea
A

S/S of ANGINA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nitroglycerin Tablet/spray:
This drug works by

Contraindications

A

relaxing and widening blood vessels so blood can flow more easily to the heart

in patients who have taken erectile dysfunction medication within the last 24 hours… can cause unsafe drop in blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

We use what kind of nitrogylcerine at pacific

A

spray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

We dont give nitrogylerin to patients with vital of systolic under

A

90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Myocardial Infarction is a blank

A

heart attack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Myocardial infarction’s biggest factor is __

A

Time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Myocardial Infarction:
- ___ of a portion of the myocardium due to total or partial occlusion of a coronary artery causing lack of oxygen to the heart ___.

  • This condition is _____!
A

Necrosis
Ischemia
Irreversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

S+S of AMI

A
  • Chest pain is >20min
  • Crushing sensation described as sharp, stabbing, knifelike pain-clutching chest (Levine Sign)
  • **Pain may radiate down arms, shoulders, jaw, back, or upper abdomen
  • Pallor, diapheresis, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, irregular pulse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the enzymatic breakdown of the fibrin in blood clots.

A

Fibrinolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When giving chewable aspirin how much should be given

What should be checked prior to giving aspirin

A

162-325mg dose - 20 min

Check for allergies or risk for life threatening hemmorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The process of aspirin breaking down blood clot is called

A

Fibrinolysis

17
Q

Nitroglycerin Contraindications!

A
  • Patient taken ED drugs within the last 24 hours
  • SBP<90
  • BP readings more than 30 below baseline
  • Extreme bradycardia (50BPM)
18
Q

CARDIAC ARREST means heart ___ to beat!

Place what on patient?

A

Fails

AED- Automated External Defibrillator

19
Q

Place AED on patient with 3 conditions

A
  1. With no pulse
  2. Unconcious
  3. Not breathing

It will preform initial assessment on the victim

20
Q

Heart Failure :
Occurs when heart muscle is ___ and no longer __ sufficient blood to body tissues and organs

3 Definite cardinal symptoms of HF are!!

A

impaired
pumps

3 Definite cardinal symptoms of HF are:

  • Dyspnea- difficult breathing
  • Edema
  • Fatigue
21
Q

Identifying Heart Failure

A

MH review and overall appraisal of pt-Med consult

  • Heart failure
  • Swelling in feet or ankles
  • Shortness of breath
  • Weight gain-3 pounds over 7 days with edema red flag-postpone treatment
22
Q

Clinical Manifestations/ Signs Symptoms of Hair Failure

A

Left Side:

  • Coughing
  • hard time breathing when laid back
  • blue lips

Right Side:

  • Fluid going to extremities
  • Spleen and liver is enlarged
  • Distended neck vens
  • ankle edema
23
Q

Acute Pulmonary Edema- ___ Sided Heart Failure

A

Left

24
Q
  • The most dramatic and life-threatening symptom of heart failure
  • Accumulation of fluid in the alveolar spaces of the lung
  • Inhibits lung expansion
  • Decreased ability of lungs to oxygenate blood
A

Acute Pulmonary Edema- Left Heart Failure

25
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of acute pulmonary edema

A
  • Gasping for air
  • Rapid pulse
  • Cool moist skin
  • Cyanotic lips and nail beds
  • Dyspnea with cough that may produce frothy sputum
26
Q

Tx of PULMONARY EDEMA

A
  • IMMEDIATELY ACTIVE EMS
  • POSITION PATIENT SEMI-SUPINE OR UPRIGHT
  • ADMIN 2-6L OF O2
  • ADMIN OF NITROGYLCERINE MAY BE INDICATED
27
Q

CARDIAC PACEMAKER

  • Treats cardiac ____ /irregular heartbeat (*slow heart rate or severe ____ )
  • Pulse generator contains electronic circuit that powers device
  • Small metal box implanted subcutaneously usually in clavicle region
  • Lifespan 7-10 years
  • Most CP are now shielded
A

arrhythmias

bradycardia

28
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Pacemaker Malfunction

A
  • Lightheadedness*
  • Dizziness*
  • Dyspnea*
  • Moist, pale skin
  • Weakness
  • Bradycardia or tachycardia
  • Chest pain
  • Muscular twitching
  • HIccups
  • Syncope
29
Q

Implant Cardiac

A
  • Used to treat harmful tachyarrhythmias (200 BPM)
30
Q

Signs and Symptoms of ICD Malfunction

A
  • Inappropriate defibrillation- evidence in pulse rate
  • (tachyarrhythmias)
  • Twitching
  • Biting
  • Sudden movements

Spring 2020 Applied Dental Hygiene (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions