Cardiac Disorders Flashcards
diagnostic studies for cardiac disorders
cardiac biomarkers
what are some cardiac biomarkers
troponin
what are the different types of troponin
troponin T (cTnT); troponin I (cTnI)
when are the properties of troponin
rises within 4-6 hours; peaks 10-24 hours; detected for up to 10-14 days
what is MONA and what is it used for?
morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin; ways to treat chest pain
what kind of lab blood work can be done to detect cardiac disorders?
C-reactive protein; homocysteine
c-reactive protein
marker for inflammation and risk factor for coronary artery disease
why does inflammation occur
increase in BP due to narrowing of vessels- leads to blood clots
how can CAD be treated
use medication to lower lipids
homocysteine
elevated levels results in increased risk for CAD, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke
what type of blood studies can be done for cardiac disorders
cardiac natriuretic peptide markers; serum lipids; lipoprotein
types of cardiac natriuretic peptide markers
atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP); B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP); C-type natriuretic peptide
what results in increased levels of BNP
heart failure
what does the c-type natriuretic peptide affect
blood flow
what are serum lipids
triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids
what does lipoprotein do
bind proteins to circulate in blood
diagnostic studies of the cardiac system
x-ray; electrocardiogram; echocardiogram; computed technology; cardiac catheterization; coronary angiogram
what does a cardiac catheterization look at
vessels; right-sided= measure pressures, left-sided= evaluate coronary arteries
what does a coronary angiogram do
uses contrast medium to identify coronary blockages
what is an echocardiogram
an ultrasound that can use contrast; provides information regarding structures and motion of heart
what does an echocardiogram measure
ejection fraction (60% amount of blood being pumped)
