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Year 3 SBOM > Cardiac Conduction > Flashcards

Cardiac Conduction Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

What is the sinus nodes intrinsic rate?

A

70bpm

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3
Q

What heart rate can the atrial muscle generate?

A

60bpm

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4
Q

What heart rate can the AV node generate?

A

40bpm

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5
Q

What heart rate can the ventricular myocardium generate?

A

30bpm

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6
Q

What is automaticity?

A

Ability of cardiac tissue to generate a heart beat

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7
Q

Increased automaticity of the sinus node would cause what heart rate/rhythm?

A

Sinus tachycardia

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8
Q

What do ectopic beats usually generate from?

A

Atrium for ventricles - increased automaticity

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9
Q

How does digoxin toxicity affect the automaticity of the AV node?

A

Increases it

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10
Q

R on T ventricular ectopics can induce what rhythm?

A

VF

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11
Q

What is a normal amount of ectopic beats per day?

A

<500

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12
Q

What is there a risk of if >10% of beats are ectopic?

A

Ectopic induced cardiomyopathy

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13
Q

What common conditions underlie arrhythmias?

A

IHD
Cardiomyopathy
Valve disease
Channelopathies
Electrolyte disturbance
Thyrotoxicosis

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14
Q

What OTC remedies can cause ectopic beats?

A

Sympathomimetic (decongestion)
Anti-histamine (sedation)

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15
Q

What are three main mechanisms of SVT?

A
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16
Q

Criteria for SVT?

A
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17
Q

WPW criteria?

A
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18
Q

WPW is an accessory pathway that connects what?

A

Atrial and ventricular myocardium

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19
Q

What macro-reentry circuits develop in WPW?

A
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20
Q

What atrial stabiliser presents atrial tachycardia?

A

Bisoprolol

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21
Q

What AV node blockers prevent AV nodal reentry?

A

Bisoprolol
Verapamil

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22
Q

What drug is an accessory pathway blocker?

A

Flecainide

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23
Q

How do EP studies and ablation work?

A
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24
Q

What causes sinus tachycardia?

A
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25
Q

What is the commonest serious arrhythmia?

A

AF

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26
Q

What is common in AF?

A
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27
Q

Is AF micro or macro re-entry?

28
Q

Where does clot form in AF?

29
Q

What is CHADSVASC?

30
Q

What drug is most effective in AF?

A

Amiodarone

31
Q

What drug group is flecainide?

32
Q

What are the types of ablations for pAF?

33
Q

do you continue anticoagulation post ablation?

34
Q

When is DCCV likely to be more successful?

35
Q

When can you DCCV without anticoagulation?

36
Q

How long should you anticoagulate before DCCV?

37
Q

Target HR for AF?

A

<110 or <70 if HF

38
Q

Is Atrial flutter micro or macro re-entry?

39
Q

What isthmus is involved with atrial flutter?

40
Q

Is ablation effective for atrial flutter?

41
Q

Criteria for monomorphic and polymorphic VT?

42
Q

Drug of choice in VT?

A

Amiodarone

43
Q

How do you overdrive pace?

A

Pace faster that rhythm (e.g. VT) to break short circuit

44
Q

Steps in VT management?

45
Q

What are the ventricular stabilising drugs?

46
Q

Does long QT induce monomorphic or polymorphic VT?

A

Polymorphic

47
Q

What electrolyte disorders can pro-long QT?

A

low K+
Low Mg+

48
Q

drugs that can prolong QT?

49
Q

VT is more likely if?

50
Q

When can SVT causes a regular broad complex tachy?

51
Q

Causes of bradycardias?

52
Q

lbbb criteria?

53
Q

rbbb criteria?

54
Q

1st degree HB criteria?

55
Q

Wenckebach (Mobitz 1) criteria?

55
Q

Mobitz 2 criteria?

56
Q

Bi-fascicular block criteria?

A

Normal PR interval

Can also get lbbb + 1st degree = bi-fascicular block

57
Q

Acute management of bradycardia?

58
Q

HR and pause criteria for ppm?

59
Q

PPM indications?

60
Q

What is pacemaker syndrome?

61
Q

Where is pacing spike for dual chamber ppm?

A

after p wave
A lead sense, V lead pace

62
Q

Who needs an ICD?

63
Q

What is PMT?

A

A pacemaker-mediated tachycardia (PMT) can be defined as any condition in which a pacemaker paces the ventricles at rates that are inappropriately fast.

Year 3 SBOM (5 decks)

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