Cardiac Flashcards
Apical impulse
Apex beats against the chest wall
Pulmonary artery
right ventricle
carries blood to the lungs
Pulmonary veins
returns freashlly oxygenated blood to the left side of the heary
left atrium
aorta
carries freashly oxygenated bloo to the rest of the body
Atriobentricular valves (AV)
opens during diastole (filling)
tricuspid (right)
mitral (left)
turbulant blood flow
regurgutation of blood flow
semilunar valves (SL)
opens during systole
set between ventricles and arteries
pulmonic (right)
aortic (left)
what do you expect if there is high blood pressure in the left or right side of the heart?
left = pulmonary congestion
right = distended neck veins and abdomen
direction of blood flow
liver (inferior vena cava)/head and upper extremmities (superior vena cava) —> RA —> (tricuspid valve) RV —> (polmonic valve) pulmonary artery —> lungs —> BLOOD OXYGENATED!!! —> pulmonary veins —> LA —> (mitral valve) LV —> (aortic valve) aorta —> BODY
Layers of the heart
pericardium, myocardium, endocardium
Cardiac cycle
Diastole: ventricles relazed and fill with blood; 2/3 of the cardiac cycle
Systole: heart contraction; blood pumped from ventricles and fills pulmonary and systemic arteries; 1/3 of cardiac cycle
isometric contraction
contraction against closed system works to build high level pressure in ventricles
isometric relaxation
all 4 valves closed and ventricles relax
first heart sound
LUB
closure of AV valves
signals the begining of systole
loudest at the apex
(mitral component of first sound [M1] slightly preceeds tricuspid component [T1])
second heart sound
DUB
closure of SL valves
end of systole
loudest at base
(aortic component of second sound [A2] slightly preceeds pulmonic component [P2])
