Cardiac Flashcards
What is Unstable Angina / Crescendo Angina
Irregular exertion or resting chest pain with no ECG changes or + cardiac markers. Pain last longer than 10 min and does not improve with rest or nitro.
What is an NSTEMI?
+ cardiac markers and ST depression or dynamic T-wave changes.
What vessels are involved with a septal wall MI?
LAD. Associated with anterior wall MI, RBBB
What vessels are involved with a anterior wall MI?
LAD
What vessels are involved with a lateral wall MI?
Left Cx
What vessels are involved with a inferior wall MI?
RCA
What vessels are involved with a posterior wall MI?
RCA. Consider AV nodal involvement
What is the definition of ST elevation?
1mm in two anatomically contiguous leads or 2mm in a single lead
What are the absolute contraidinications for starting thrombolytics.
1) Any internal bleeding or Hx of internal bleeding in the past 6 months.
2) Suspected aortic dissection.
3) Known intracranial neoplasm or head trauma / brain surgery in the past 6 months.
4) Hx of hemorrhagic stroke ever or any stroke/CVA in the past 3 months
What is the best way to verify mechanical capture with a paced patient?
Start an arterial line
What is normal central venous pressure / right partial pressure?
4-12 mmHg
What is the central line placement for a RIGHT IJ and SCV placement?
15cm and 14cm
What is the normal pressure for the right ventricle during systole?
20-30 mmHg
What is the normal pressure the right ventricle during diastole?
3-7 mmHg
What is normal pulmonary artery systolic pressure?
18-25 mmHg
What is normal pulmonary artery diastolic pressure?
8-15 mmHg
What is normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure?
4-12 mmHg
What is the formula for cardiac output
Heart rate x stroke volume
What is the normal range for cardiac output?
4-8L / Min
What is the the formula for cardiac index and normal range?
CI = CO/Body Surface Area
NR = 2.5L - 4L
What is the primary indication for an intra aortic balloon pump?
Cardiogenic shock (AMI)
What are the contraindications for intra aortic ballon pump?
1) Aortic insufficiency
2) Sever aortic disease
3) Sever peripheral vascular disease
What is the number one complication of intra aortic ballon pump?
Ischemia of the limb distal to the insertion site
What is the most harmful error of a ballon pump?
Late inflation
