Cardiac

Question 1

What is Unstable Angina / Crescendo Angina

Answer 1

Irregular exertion or resting chest pain with no ECG changes or + cardiac markers. Pain last longer than 10 min and does not improve with rest or nitro.

Question 2

What is an NSTEMI?

Answer 2

+ cardiac markers and ST depression or dynamic T-wave changes.

Question 3

What vessels are involved with a septal wall MI?

Answer 3

LAD. Associated with anterior wall MI, RBBB

Question 4

What vessels are involved with a anterior wall MI?

Answer 4

LAD

Question 5

What vessels are involved with a lateral wall MI?

Answer 5

Left Cx

Question 6

What vessels are involved with a inferior wall MI?

Answer 6

RCA

Question 7

What vessels are involved with a posterior wall MI?

Answer 7

RCA. Consider AV nodal involvement

Question 8

What is the definition of ST elevation?

Answer 8

1mm in two anatomically contiguous leads or 2mm in a single lead

Question 9

What are the absolute contraidinications for starting thrombolytics.

Answer 9

1) Any internal bleeding or Hx of internal bleeding in the past 6 months.
2) Suspected aortic dissection.
3) Known intracranial neoplasm or head trauma / brain surgery in the past 6 months.
4) Hx of hemorrhagic stroke ever or any stroke/CVA in the past 3 months

Question 10

What is the best way to verify mechanical capture with a paced patient?

Answer 10

Start an arterial line

Question 11

What is normal central venous pressure / right partial pressure?

Answer 11

4-12 mmHg

Question 12

What is the central line placement for a RIGHT IJ and SCV placement?

Answer 12

15cm and 14cm

Question 13

What is the normal pressure for the right ventricle during systole?

Answer 13

20-30 mmHg

Question 14

What is the normal pressure the right ventricle during diastole?

Answer 14

3-7 mmHg

Question 15

What is normal pulmonary artery systolic pressure?

Answer 15

18-25 mmHg

Question 16

What is normal pulmonary artery diastolic pressure?

Answer 16

8-15 mmHg

Question 17

What is normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure?

Answer 17

4-12 mmHg

Question 18

What is the formula for cardiac output

Answer 18

Heart rate x stroke volume

Question 19

What is the normal range for cardiac output?

Answer 19

4-8L / Min

Question 20

What is the the formula for cardiac index and normal range?

Answer 20

CI = CO/Body Surface Area
NR = 2.5L - 4L

Question 21

What is the primary indication for an intra aortic balloon pump?

Answer 21

Cardiogenic shock (AMI)

Question 22

What are the contraindications for intra aortic ballon pump?

Answer 22

1) Aortic insufficiency
2) Sever aortic disease
3) Sever peripheral vascular disease

Question 23

What is the number one complication of intra aortic ballon pump?

Answer 23

Ischemia of the limb distal to the insertion site

Question 24

What is the most harmful error of a ballon pump?

Answer 24

Late inflation

Question 25

If you lose power to a ballon pump, how often do you need to manually cycle it?

Answer 25

q30 min

Question 26

Do you do CPR on a patient with a ventricular assist device?

Answer 26

Only if they are in full arrest and pump is failed