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Chemistry > Carboxyllic Acids And Derivatives > Flashcards

Carboxyllic Acids And Derivatives Flashcards

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1
Q

7 ways of making a carboxylic acid

A

Oxidation of aldehyde
Oxidation of primary alcohol
Hydrolysis of nitrile
Hydrolysis of amide
Grignards reagent
Hydrolysis of ester
Iodoform reaction

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2
Q

Conditions and reagents to oxidise an aldehyde into carboxylic acid

A

K2cr2o7 and h2so4
Heat

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3
Q

Conditions and reagents for oxidation of alcohol into carboxylic acid

A

K2cr2o7 and h2so4
Heat under reflux

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4
Q

Conditions and reagents for hydrolysis of nitrile into carboxylic acid

A

Hcl water and nitrile
Heat under reflux

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5
Q

Conditions and reagents for hydrolysis of amide into carboxylic acid

A

Water hcl
Heat under reflux

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6
Q

Conditions and reagents for grignards reagents to carboxylic acid

A

Co2 and grignards
Dry ether acid and water

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7
Q

How to reduce carboxylic acid to alcohol

A

Lialh4
Dry ether

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8
Q

What are salts formed from carboxylic acids known as

A

Carboxylates

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9
Q

Why are carboxylic acids acidic but alcohols not

A

Ion formed in alcohols is less stable as charge can’t be delocalised or shared between 2 oxygen atoms but in carboxylic acids they can be so h+ ions are produced

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10
Q

How to make an acid chloride from carboxylic acid

A

Add pcl5

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11
Q

Why are acid chlorides so reactive

A

C delta plus atom which is attacked by nucleotide is in a planar environment so is more accessible
2 electronegative atoms bonded to c atom drawing electrons away from c-cl bond weakening it

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12
Q

Acid chloride reaction adding water

A

Room temp
Carboxylic acid

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13
Q

Acid chloride plus alcohol

A

Ester
Room temp

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14
Q

Acid chloride can plus ammonia

A

Room temp
Amide

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15
Q

Acid chloride plus amine

A

Room temp
Nitrogen substituted amine

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16
Q

What do esters always smell like in exams

A

Fruity

17
Q

Functional group of an ester

A

COO

18
Q

How to name esters

A

Alcohol first eg methyl
Then carboxylic acid eg ethanoate
Methyl ethanoate

19
Q

Reagents and conditions for making an ester both ways

A

1:
Carboxylic acid + alcohol heat under reflux and h2so4 catalyst
2:
Acid chloride + alcohol
Room temp

20
Q

Why is making ester with acid chloride better than carboxylic acid

A

Can be at room temp
Not reversible so produces a higher yield

21
Q

What type of reaction is it to make esters

A

Condensation reactants

Chemistry (12 decks)

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