carboxylic acid Flashcards
Which of the following statements is true regarding the general formulas for carboxylic acids?
A) The general formula for an aliphatic carboxylic acid is RCOOH.
B) The general formula for an aromatic carboxylic acid is RCOOH.
C) The general formula for an aliphatic carboxylic acid is ArCOOH.
D) The general formula for an aromatic carboxylic acid is ArCOOH.
A) The general formula for an aliphatic carboxylic acid is RCOOH.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the IUPAC naming system for carboxylic acids?
A) The IUPAC name of a carboxylic acid is derived from the longest carbon chain that contains the carboxyl group by adding the suffix -oic acid to the name of the parent alkane.
B) The IUPAC name of a carboxylic acid is derived from the longest carbon chain that contains the carboxyl group by adding the suffix -oic acid to the name of the parent alkane after dropping the final -e.
C) The IUPAC name of a carboxylic acid is derived from the longest carbon chain that contains the carboxyl group by adding the suffix -oic acid to the name of the parent alkane after dropping the initial -e.
D) The IUPAC name of a carboxylic acid is derived from the longest carbon chain that contains the carboxyl group by adding the suffix -ic acid to the name of the parent alkane.
B) The IUPAC name of a carboxylic acid is derived from the longest carbon chain that contains the carboxyl group by adding the suffix -oic acid to the name of the parent alkane after dropping the final -e.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the IUPAC naming system for carboxylic acids with carbon-carbon double or triple bonds?
A) If the carboxylic acid contains a carbon-carbon double or triple bond, change the infix from -an to -en or -yn, respectively, to indicate the presence of the multiple bond and show the location of the multiple bond by a number.
B) If the carboxylic acid contains a carbon-carbon double or triple bond, change the suffix from -oic to -en or -yn, respectively, to indicate the presence of the multiple bond and show the location of the multiple bond by a number.
C) If the carboxylic acid contains a carbon-carbon double or triple bond, change the infix from -an to -en or -yn, respectively, to indicate the presence of the multiple bond and show the location of the multiple bond by a letter.
D) If the carboxylic acid contains a carbon-carbon double or triple bond, change the suffix from -oic to -en or -yn, respectively, to indicate the presence of the multiple bond and show the location of the multiple bond by a letter.
A) If the carboxylic acid contains a carbon-carbon double or triple bond, change the infix from -an to -en or -yn, respectively, to indicate the presence of the multiple bond and show the location of the multiple bond by a number.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the IUPAC naming system for dicarboxylic acids?
A) Dicarboxylic acids are named by adding the suffix -dioic acid to the name of the carbon chain that contains both carboxyl groups. The numbers of the carboxyl carbons are not indicated because they can only be at the ends of the parent chain.
B) Dicarboxylic acids are named by adding the suffix -dioic acid to the name of the carbon chain that contains both carboxyl groups. The numbers of the carboxyl carbons are indicated by a number.
C) Dicarboxylic acids are named by adding the suffix -dioic acid to the name of the carbon chain that contains both carboxyl groups. The numbers of the carboxyl carbons are indicated by a letter.
D) Dicarboxylic acids are named by adding the suffix -dioic acid to the name of the carbon chain that contains both carboxyl groups. The numbers of the carboxyl carbons are not indicated because they can be at any position in the parent chain.
A) Dicarboxylic acids are named by adding the suffix -dioic acid to the name of the carbon chain that contains both carboxyl groups. The numbers of the carboxyl carbons are not indicated because they can only be at the ends of the parent chain.
In the IUPAC system, which functional group takes precedence over most others, including hydroxyl groups, amino groups, and the carbonyl groups of aldehydes and ketones?
A) Hydroxyl groups
B) Amino groups
C) Carbonyl groups of aldehydes
D) Carboxyl group
D) Carboxyl groups
Which of the following statements accurately describes the IUPAC naming system for carboxylic acids containing a carboxyl group bonded to a cycloalkane ring?
A) A carboxylic acid containing a carboxyl group bonded to a cycloalkane ring is named by giving the name of the ring and adding the suffix -carboxylic acid. The atoms of the ring are numbered beginning with the carbon bearing the -COOH group.
B) A carboxylic acid containing a carboxyl group bonded to a cycloalkane ring is named by giving the name of the ring and adding the suffix -carboxylic acid. The atoms of the ring are numbered beginning with the carbon opposite to the one bearing the -COOH group.
C) A carboxylic acid containing a carboxyl group bonded to a cycloalkane ring is named by giving the name of the ring and adding the suffix -carboxylic acid. The atoms of the ring are not numbered because the -COOH group determines the position.
D) A carboxylic acid containing a carboxyl group bonded to a cycloalkane ring is named by giving the name of the ring and adding the suffix -carboxylic acid. The atoms of the ring are numbered beginning with the carbon bearing the -COOH group, and the position of the -COOH group is indicated by a number.
A) A carboxylic acid containing a carboxyl group bonded to a cycloalkane ring is named by giving the name of the ring and adding the suffix -carboxylic acid. The atoms of the ring are numbered beginning with the carbon bearing the -COOH group.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the functional group of carboxylic acids?
A) The functional group of carboxylic acids is the hydroxyl group (-OH) only.
B) The functional group of carboxylic acids is the carbonyl group (C=O) only.
C) The functional group of carboxylic acids is the carboxyl group (-COOH), which is a combination of the carbonyl (C=O) and hydroxyl (-OH) groups.
D) The functional group of carboxylic acids is the carboxylate group (-COO^-), which is a deprotonated form of the carboxyl group.
C) The functional group of carboxylic acids is the carboxyl group (-COOH), which is a combination of the carbonyl (C=O) and hydroxyl (-OH) groups.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the IUPAC nomenclature system for carboxylic acids?
A) The IUPAC system assigns the suffix -anoic acid to carboxylic acids, replacing the -e ending of the parent chain.
B) The IUPAC system assigns the suffix -enoic acid to carboxylic acids, replacing the -e ending of the parent chain.
C) The IUPAC system assigns the suffix -oic acid to carboxylic acids, replacing the -e ending of the parent chain.
D) The IUPAC system assigns the suffix -carboxylic acid to carboxylic acids, replacing the -e ending of the parent chain.
C) The IUPAC system assigns the suffix -oic acid to carboxylic acids, replacing the -e ending of the parent chain.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the derivation of derivatives from carboxylic acids?
A) Derivatives are obtained from carboxylic acids by replacing the carbonyl (C=O) group.
B) Derivatives are obtained from carboxylic acids by replacing the hydroxyl (-OH) group.
C) Derivatives are obtained from carboxylic acids by replacing the carboxyl (-COOH) group.
D) Derivatives are obtained from carboxylic acids by replacing the carboxyl (-COOH) group with another functional group.
B) Derivatives are obtained from carboxylic acids by replacing the hydroxyl (-OH) group.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the acyl group in organic compounds?
A) The acyl group is represented by R-C- and is characteristic of aldehydes.
B) The acyl group is represented by R-C- and is characteristic of ketones.
C) The acyl group is represented by R-C- and is characteristic of carboxylic acids.
D) The acyl group is represented by R-C- and is common in organic compounds, leading to their classification as acyl compounds.
D) The acyl group is represented by R-C- and is common in organic compounds, leading to their classification as acyl compounds
Which of the following statements accurately describes the ozonolysis of alkenes?
A) The ozonolysis of alkenes produces aldehydes that can easily be further oxidized to acids.
B) The ozonolysis of alkenes produces alcohols that can easily be further oxidized to acids.
C) The ozonolysis of alkenes produces ketones that can easily be further oxidized to acids.
D) The ozonolysis of alkenes produces acids directly.
A) The ozonolysis of alkenes produces aldehydes that can easily be further oxidized to acids.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the uses of carboxylic acids?
A) Carboxylic acids are used in the manufacturing of soaps, which are sodium or potassium salts of higher fatty acids.
B) Carboxylic acids are used in the food industry for the production of soft drinks and food products. For example, acetic acid is used in making vinegar.
C) Sodium salts of organic acids, which are carboxylic acids, find application in preservatives.
D) All of the above.
D) All of the above.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the oxidation of alkenes to acids?
A) Alkenes are oxidized to acids by heating them with solutions of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7).
B) Alkenes are oxidized to alcohols by heating them with solutions of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7).
C) Alkenes are reduced to alcohols by heating them with solutions of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7).
D) Alkenes are converted to aldehydes by heating them with solutions of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7).
A) Alkenes are oxidized to acids by heating them with solutions of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7).
What is the intermediate product formed when a primary alcohol undergoes oxidation?
A) Alkane
B) Alkene
C) Aldehyde
D) Ketone
C) Aldehyde
Which of the following reagents is NOT commonly used as a strong oxidizing agent in the oxidation of aldehydes?
A) Potassium permanganate
B) Potassium dichromate
C) Chromium trioxide
D) Sodium borohydride
D) Sodium borohydride
