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ORG CHEM FINAL ROUND > ALCOHOL, PHENOL AND ESTHER > Flashcards

ALCOHOL, PHENOL AND ESTHER Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the functional group of alcohols?
A) Carbonyl group
B) Hydroxyl group
C) Amino group
D) Ester group

A

B) Hydroxyl group

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2
Q

How is the polarity of alcohols primarily attributed?
A) Alkyl group
B) Carbon-hydrogen bonds
C) Oxygen-hydrogen bond
D) Alkene group

A

C) Oxygen-hydrogen bond

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3
Q

How are common names for simple alcohols typically determined?
A) By the length of the carbon chain
B) By the number of carbon-carbon double bonds
C) By naming the alkyl group attached to -OH and adding the word alcohol
D) By the presence of functional groups

A

C) By naming the alkyl group attached to -OH and adding the word alcohol

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4
Q

What is the functional group of phenols?
A) Carbonyl group
B) Hydroxyl group
C) Amino group
D) Ester group

A

B) Hydroxyl group

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5
Q

How does the -OH group in phenols differ in behavior compared to alcohols?
A) It has higher boiling points
B) It is less acidic
C) It is more reactive towards nucleophiles
D) It is less polar

A

C) It is more reactive towards nucleophiles

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6
Q

What is the simplest member of phenols called?
A) Hydroxybenzene
B) Benzyl alcohol
C) Phenol
D) Benzophenone

A

C) Phenol

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7
Q

How are derivatives of phenol named?
A) By numbering the carbon atoms on the benzene ring
B) By naming the alkyl group attached to the -OH
C) By adding the word “phenol” as a suffix
D) By naming the alkyl group attached to the benzene ring and adding “phenol” as a prefix

A

D) By naming the alkyl group attached to the benzene ring and adding “phenol” as a prefix

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8
Q

What is the functional group of ethers?
A) Carbonyl group
B) Hydroxyl group
C) Ether group
D) Oxygen atom bonded to two hydrocarbon groups

A

D) Oxygen atom bonded to two hydrocarbon groups

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9
Q

How are ethers named?
A) By naming the two hydrocarbon groups alphabetically followed by “ether”
B) By naming the two hydrocarbon groups alphabetically followed by “oxide”
C) By naming the two hydrocarbon groups followed by “diether”
D) By naming the two hydrocarbon groups followed by “dioxide”

A

A) By naming the two hydrocarbon groups alphabetically followed by “ether”

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9
Q

How do symmetrical ethers differ from unsymmetrical ethers?
A) Symmetrical ethers have higher boiling points
B) Unsymmetrical ethers have identical hydrocarbon groups
C) Symmetrical ethers have different hydrocarbon groups
D) Unsymmetrical ethers have different hydrocarbon groups

A

D) Unsymmetrical ethers have different hydrocarbon groups

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9
Q

Which of the following is an example of a symmetrical ether?
A) Ethyl methyl ether
B) Diethyl ether
C) Methyl propyl ether
D) Ethyl isopropyl ether

A

B) Diethyl ether

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10
Q

In ethers with complex structures or when the ether is only one of several functional groups, how is the -OR group named?
A) As an alkyl group
B) As an alkoxy group
C) As a hydroxy group
D) As a ketone group

A

B) As an alkoxy group

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10
Q

How are ethers named according to IUPAC rules?
A) By listing the names of the groups attached to oxygen in alphabetical order and adding the word “ether”
B) By listing the names of the groups attached to oxygen in reverse alphabetical order and adding the word “ether”
C) By listing the names of the groups attached to oxygen in order of increasing molecular weight and adding the word “ether”
D) By listing the names of the groups attached to oxygen in order of decreasing molecular weight and adding the word “ether”

A

A) By listing the names of the groups attached to oxygen in alphabetical order and adding the word “ether”

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11
Q

Which of the following is a synonym for CH3CH2OH?
A) Methyl alcohol
B) Ethyl alcohol
C) Isopropyl alcohol
D) Butyl alcohol

A

B) Ethyl alcohol

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12
Q

How are alcohols classified based on the number of -OH groups present in the molecule?
A) Monohydric, dihydric, trihydric, polyhydric
B) Primary, secondary, tertiary
C) Aromatic, aliphatic
D) Branched, unbranched

A

A) Monohydric, dihydric, trihydric, polyhydric

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13
Q

Which of the following alcohols is an example of a dihydric alcohol?
A) Methanol
B) Ethanol
C) 1,2-Ethanediol
D) Propanol

A

C) 1,2-Ethanediol

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14
Q

What is the primary alcohol found in alcoholic drinks?
A) Methanol
B) Ethanol
C) Propanol
D) Butanol

A

B) Ethanol

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15
Q

How is alcohol used as a high-efficiency fuel?
A) It is mixed with gasoline to improve combustion
B) It is used as a standalone fuel in engines
C) It is converted into a gas and used in fuel cells
D) It is used to produce hydrogen for fuel cells

A

A) It is mixed with gasoline to improve combustion

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15
Q

How is alcohol used as an antiseptic?
A) It is applied directly to wounds to kill bacteria
B) It is used to clean medical instruments
C) It is mixed with water and used as a mouthwash
D) It is inhaled to induce mild sedation

A

A) It is applied directly to wounds to kill bacteria

15
Q

How are polyhydric alcohols classified based on the number of -OH groups?
A) Three -OH groups
B) Four or more -OH groups
C) Two -OH groups
D) One -OH group

A

B) Four or more -OH groups

16
Q

Which of the following is an example of a trihydric alcohol?
A) Methanol
B) Ethanol
C) 1,2-Propanediol
D) 1,2,3-Propanetriol

A

D) 1,2,3-Propanetriol

17
Q

Which alcohol is commonly used to make vinegar?
A) Methanol
B) Ethanol
C) Propanol
D) Butanol

A

B) Ethanol

18
Q

In what form is alcohol commonly found in cough syrups?
A) Methanol
B) Ethanol
C) Propanol
D) Butanol

A

B) Ethanol

19
Q

Which property of alcohol makes it effective as a disinfectant?
A) Its flammability
B) Its low boiling point
C) Its antifungal and antibacterial properties
D) Its ability to dissolve in water

A

C) Its antifungal and antibacterial properties

20
Q

How is alcohol used as a cleaning agent in hospitals and laboratories?
A) It is applied directly to surfaces and wiped clean
B) It is mixed with water and used in steam cleaners
C) It is used to sterilize medical equipment
D) It is inhaled to disinfect the respiratory system

A

A) It is applied directly to surfaces and wiped clean

21
Q

Which alcohols are commonly used as solvents in analytical chemistry processes?
A) Ethanol, propanol, and butanol
B) Methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol
C) Ethanol, methanol, and propanol
D) Methanol, propanol, and butanol

A

B) Methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol

22
Q

Why are alcohols considered polar molecules?
A) Due to the presence of carbon-carbon double bonds
B) Due to the presence of carbon-oxygen single bonds
C) Due to the presence of oxygen-hydrogen bonds
D) Due to the presence of hydrogen-hydrogen bonds

A

C) Due to the presence of oxygen-hydrogen bonds

23
Q

What is the electronegativity difference between carbon and oxygen in the C-O bond?
A) 0.4
B) 1.0
C) 1.4
D) 2.1

A

B) 1.0

24
Q

Why do alcohols have higher boiling points compared to alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes?
A) Due to the presence of carbon-oxygen bonds
B) Due to the absence of hydrogen bonding
C) Due to the presence of carbon-carbon double bonds
D) Due to the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds

A

A) Due to the presence of carbon-oxygen bonds

25
Q

What type of bond is formed between alcohol molecules due to hydrogen bonding?
A) Covalent bond
B) Ionic bond
C) Hydrogen bond
D) Van der Waals bond

A

C) Hydrogen bond

26
Q

How do alkyl alcohols and phenols differ in terms of acidity?
A) Alkyl alcohols are more acidic than phenols
B) Alkyl alcohols are less acidic than phenols
C) Alkyl alcohols and phenols have similar acidity
D) Alkyl alcohols do not ionize in water, unlike phenols

A

B) Alkyl alcohols are less acidic than phenols

26
Q

How does the solubility of alcohols in water change with the length of the carbon chain?
A) Solubility decreases with increasing carbon chain length
B) Solubility increases with increasing carbon chain length
C) Solubility remains constant regardless of the carbon chain length
D) Solubility is not affected by the carbon chain length

A

A) Solubility decreases with increasing carbon chain length

26
Q

Compared to alkanes, which have only carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds, why do alcohols generally have higher boiling points?
A) Alcohols have stronger intermolecular forces due to hydrogen bonding
B) Alcohols have weaker intermolecular forces due to hydrogen bonding
C) Alcohols have more linear structures
D) Alcohols have more branched structures

A

A) Alcohols have stronger intermolecular forces due to hydrogen bonding

26
Q

Which part of the alcohol molecule has a partially negative charge in hydrogen bonding?
A) Carbon atom
B) Oxygen atom
C) Hydrogen atom
D) Alkyl group

A

B) Oxygen atom

27
Q

Why do alkyl alcohols not ionize in water, unlike phenols?
A) Alkyl alcohols lack an -OH group
B) Alkyl alcohols have a weaker carbon-oxygen bond
C) Alkyl alcohols have a stronger carbon-oxygen bond
D) Alkyl alcohols have a stronger carbon-carbon bond

A

B) Alkyl alcohols have a weaker carbon-oxygen bond

28
Q

At what carbon chain length do alcohols become generally insoluble in water?
A) 3 carbons
B) 4 carbons
C) 5 carbons
D) 6 carbons

A

B) 4 carbons

29
Q

What are the four key points to review about acid-base reactions?
A) The nature of acids and bases, the concept of pH, the behavior of acids and bases in water, and the theories of acid-base reactions
B) The properties of acids and bases, the equilibrium constant of acid-base reactions, the role of conjugate acids and bases, and the factors affecting reaction rates
C) The stoichiometry of acid-base reactions, the types of acids and bases, the strength of acids and bases, and the calculation of pH
D) The concept of oxidation-reduction reactions, the Lewis theory of acids and bases, the Bronsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases, and the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases

A

A) The nature of acids and bases, the concept of pH, the behavior of acids and bases in water, and the theories of acid-base reactions

30
Q

How is the strength of an acid or base related to its tendency to donate or accept protons?
A) Strong acids readily donate protons, while weak acids do not readily donate protons
B) Weak acids readily donate protons, while strong acids do not readily donate protons
C) Strong bases readily accept protons, while weak bases do not readily accept protons
D) Weak bases readily accept protons, while strong bases do not readily accept protons

A

A) Strong acids readily donate protons, while weak acids do not readily donate protons

31
Q

What is the role of conjugate acids and bases in acid-base reactions?
A) Conjugate acids and bases are formed in the reverse reaction of an acid-base reaction
B) Conjugate acids and bases are formed in the forward reaction of an acid-base reaction
C) Conjugate acids and bases are not involved in acid-base reactions
D) Conjugate acids and bases are intermediates in acid-base reactions

A

B) Conjugate acids and bases are formed in the forward reaction of an acid-base reaction

32
Q

How does the pH of a solution change when a strong acid is added to it?
A) The pH decreases
B) The pH increases
C) The pH remains constant
D) The pH fluctuates

A

A) The pH decreases

33
Q

How do secondary alcohols behave during oxidation compared to primary and tertiary alcohols?
A) Secondary alcohols can be oxidized to carboxylic acids
B) Secondary alcohols can be oxidized to ketones but not further
C) Secondary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all
D) Secondary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes

A

: B) Secondary alcohols can be oxidized to ketones but not further

34
Q

What products can be obtained from the oxidation of alcohols?
A) Ketones, alkenes, and carboxylic acids
B) Aldehydes, alkenes, and carboxylic acids
C) Ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids
D) Aldehydes, ketones, and alkenes

A

C) Ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids

35
Q

What is the role of chromic acid in the oxidation of alcohols?
A) Chromic acid breaks carbon-carbon bonds in alcohols
B) Chromic acid reduces alcohols to ketones
C) Chromic acid oxidizes alcohols to carboxylic acids
D) Chromic acid oxidizes alcohols as far as possible without breaking carbon-carbon bonds

A

D) Chromic acid oxidizes alcohols as far as possible without breaking carbon-carbon bonds

36
Q

Why is oxidizing a primary alcohol only to the aldehyde stage more difficult compared to further oxidation to a carboxylic acid?
A) Aldehydes are more stable than carboxylic acids
B) Aldehydes are less reactive than carboxylic acids
C) Aldehydes are more easily oxidized to acids than primary alcohols
D) Aldehydes are less easily oxidized to acids than primary alcohols

A

C) Aldehydes are more easily oxidized to acids than primary alcohols

36
Q
A
37
Q
A

ORG CHEM FINAL ROUND (4 decks)

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