Carbonyls Flashcards
Where is the C=O bond in ketones?
Any carbon in-between the chain
Where is the C=O bond in aldehydes?
At either end of the chain
What happens if you oxidise an aldehyde?
> The hydrogen on the C=O end bond will be bonded to the oxygen
You get a carboxylic acid
Results of Tollens Reagent?
> For aldehydes, colourless to silver mirror
> For ketones, remain colourless
Results of Fehlings Solution?
> For aldehydes, deep blue to brick red
> For ketones, remains deep blue
Explain the positive results of Tollens Reagent
The aldehyde displaces the silver in the silver nitrate [Ag(NO3)2] compound and silver [Ag] is left
What is the formula of Acidified Potassium Dichromate?
K₂Cr₂O₇
What happens if you oxidise a 1ᵒ alcohol?
> Hydrogen attached to oxygen is lost
End carbon forms double bond with oxygen
Aldehyde formed
What happens if you oxidise a 2ᵒ alcohol?
> Hydrogen attached to oxygen is lost
MIDDLE carbon forms double bond with oxygen
Ketone formed
What happens if you oxidise a 3ᵒ alcohol?
> You can’t
What is the formula of Concentrated Phosphoric Acid?
H₃PO₄
What is dehydration?
Removal of H₂O
Alcohol → Alkene + Water
