Carbon Dioxide in the Blood Flashcards
how do you calculate the amount of CO2 dissolved in the blood
solubility constant x pCO2
in hyperventilation what happens to the pCO2 and pO2
pCO2 decreases
pO2 increases slightly
what happens to the pH of the blood in hyperventilation
increases and becomes alkaline
in hypoventilation what happens to pCO2 and pO2
pCO2 increases
pO2 decreases
what happens to the pH of the blood in hypoventilation
it decreases to become acidic
what receptors adjust ventilation due to blood pH
peripheral and central chemoreceptors
where are peripheral chemoreceptors found
in the carotid sinus and aortic arch
what do peripheral chemoreceptors detect
substantial decreases in pO2
where are central chemoreceptors found
in the medulla of the brain
what do central chemoreceptors detect
the pCO2 in the CSF
in persisting changes in pH what cells alter the bicarbonate in the CSF
choroid plexus cells
what is the pH range of blood
7.35-7.45
what are the 3 ways carbon dioxide is transported in the blood
- transported as bicarbonate
- as carboamino compounds
- dissolved in the plasma
what reaction occurs to dissolved CO2 in the blood
it reacts with water to form carbonic acid then dissociates rapidly to form hydrogen ions and bicarbonate
if the pCO2 increases what happens to the pH
as there are more hydrogen ions produced the pH will decrease
