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water and carbon cycle > carbon cycle > Flashcards

carbon cycle Flashcards

1
Q

what is the carbon cycle

A

the continous movement of carbon around the 5 stores

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2
Q

where is the biggest store of carbon

A

the lithosphere

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3
Q

why is the lithosphere the best store

A

because carbon is hard to escape and can be stored for the longest

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4
Q

what is carbon sequestration

A

the capture and storage of carbon from the atmosphere

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5
Q

CCS

A

carbon capture and storage

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6
Q

what does ccs attempt to do

A

capture 90% of CO2 from the atmosphere

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7
Q

what is the trillion tree project

A

a pla nt oplant 1 trillion treets by 2050

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8
Q

what is wrong with the 1 trillion tree project

A

only 2% has been completed

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9
Q

what is geologic sequestration

A

the storage of carbon in the lithosphere in the form of rocks

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10
Q

what is a carbon sink

A

something that traps more carbon than it releases

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11
Q

what is a carbon flux

A

the exchange of carbon between the 5 sources

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12
Q

what is terrestrial sequestration

A

the capture and storage of carbon in plants and trees

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13
Q

how is carbon stored in the lithosphere

A

it is turned into a liquid through industrial processes and injected into underwater stores

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14
Q

what are the advantages of geologic sequestration

A

stores a long time and hard to escape

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15
Q

what is ocean acidifcation

A

when the oceans PH levels become more saline/ less alkaline. since 1750 oceans have had a 30% change in acidity.

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16
Q

what is a net carbon sink

A

when more carbon enters a store than leaves it

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17
Q

what is the carbon budget

A

the total level of carbon allowed to be releases into the atmosphere over a specific time

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18
Q

what is the keeling curve

A

a curve which shows how carbon particles have changed overtime.

19
Q

what are current carbon PPM measures

A

413

20
Q

what were co2 levels like 500 million years ago

A

20x higher

21
Q

where is carbon stored in the lithosphere

A

stored inorganically or organically
organic= coal, oil, gas
inorganic=peat,litter,humus

22
Q

where is carbon stored in the hydrosphere

A

-surface layer
-intermediate
-deep layer
-organisms

23
Q

where is carbon stored in the biosphere

A

in organisms and vegetation

24
Q

what is the IPCC

A

intergovemental panel on climate change

25
Q

what will happen when global temps surpass 2 degrees

A

positive feedback loops

26
Q

what is ocean sequestration

A

the storage of water in the oceans by dissolving it, organisms such has phytoplankton synthesize and trap the carbon

27
Q

what impact are raising co2 levels having on the land

A

-higher temps lead to more fires and droughts
-more photosynthesis
-permafrost feedback loops

28
Q

impact on atmosphere of co2 levels

A

20% of c02 may remain in the atmosphere for thousands of years, increased greenhouse gases have absorbed more energy from the sun

29
Q

why are greenhouse gases good

A

without them the earth would be frozen

30
Q

why are greenhouse gases bad

A

they trap heat

31
Q

what is the enhanced greenhouse effect

A

where extra co2 in the atmosphere has caused radiative forcing

32
Q

what is radiative forcing

A

the difference between isolation absorbed by the earth and energy radiated back to space

33
Q

what is insolation

A

the energy from the sun

34
Q

what is insulation

A

how much heat is trapped in the earth

35
Q

example of a carbon sink

A

trees

36
Q

how much of earths surfaces do fires burn ever yeyar

A

3-4million km2

37
Q

how much co2 do burning trees release each year

A

billions

38
Q

what % of the atmosphere does co2 take up

A

0.04%

39
Q

what was atmospheric co2 ppm in 1958 compared to now

A

318 and now 413

40
Q

what is combustion

A

the release of co2 from burning

41
Q

what is photosynthesis

A

the process of vegetation turning co2 into oxygen

42
Q

how has carbon changed over time

A

in cambrian times levels were above 4000 ppm, before industrialisation levels had never surpassed 300, but are now 413

43
Q

humans factors to changing carbon

A

-pollution
-burning
-deforestation
-land use change
-farming

44
Q

natural factors leading to changing carbon

A

-wildfires
-volcanos

water and carbon cycle (4 decks)

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