Carbon Bonding Flashcards
What is a wavefunction?
Its just a mathematical description of where electrons are most likely to be. (describes shape of an orbital)
How does Carbon hybridise?
its S and P orbitals merge to form 4 degenerate orbitals. This is what allows carbon to form 4 bonds. It forms bonds to be more stable (octet)
Bond angle of tetrahedral carbon?
109.5 degrees
Is the c-c bond strong? which is stronger, c-c or c-h
C-c is really strong, takes a lot of energy to break but c-h is even stronger
iupac stem names
meth eth prop but pent hex hept oct non dec
What does degenerate mean?
all the same energy level
What is a heteroatom?
an atom that isn’t carbon or hydrogen
do you need to draw lone pairs on skeletal structures?
No
How many electrons per orbital?
2 with opposite spins
Does making a bond lower or higher the energy?
Lower, the system becomes more stable
What type of hybridised orbitals does carbon usually form?
sp3 hybridised. Means one s three p’s all at same energy level (degenerate)
What type of bonds formed between 2 sp3 hybridised carbons?
A Sigma bond
What type of bonds formed between 2 sp2 hybridised carbons?
A sigma and a pi
What type of bonds formed between 2 sp hybridised carbons?
A sigma and two pi bonds
How many electrons per orbital?
2 with opposite spins
What does a wedged line on a drawing mean?
That the bond is coming towards you
What is a bond?
Overlapping of atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals
Bond angle of hybridised sp2 orbitals from each other?
120 degrees
Bond angl eof hybridised sp3 orbitals from each other?
109.5 degrees
Where do pi bonds form in sp
The two unhybridised p orbitals
