Carbon and Its Compounds

Question 1

From which word is carbon derived from

Answer 1

Latin word called “carbo”

Question 2

describe about carbon

Answer 2

Carbon is a black-coloured non-metal element which is found fourth most abundant element in the universe and 17th most common element on the earth.

Question 3

Carbon in the form of an element:

Answer 3

• Coal
• Coke
• Charcoal
• Diamond
• graphite

Question 4

carbon in the form of a compound

Answer 4

• Carbonates
• Bicarbonates
• Carbides like calcium carbides (CaC2)
  silicon carbides (SiC2)

Question 5

Carbon in gaseous and liquid states.

Answer 5

• Carbon dioxide
• Carbon monoxide
• Petroleum

Question 5

Nature of carbon

Answer 5

Carbon has 4 valencies and to become octet it shares 4 valance electrons and forms four covalent bond.
It can bond with itself or with others so
it can form millions of organic compounds.

Question 6

Tetravalency

Answer 6

Tetravalency is the property of a carbon atom to combine with other elements.

Question 7

Catenation

Answer 7

The unique property of carbon to form bonds with other carbon atoms gives rise to long-chain or branch-chain molecules is called catenation.
ex : Butane, Pentane, Hexane.

Question 8

Define allotropes

Answer 8

It is two or more forms an element can exist.
Example: allotropes of carbon are diamond, graphite etc.

Question 9

Define allotrophy

Answer 9

It is the property of an element by virtues of which it can show many physical forms and have similar chemical propertes.

Question 10

Describe about diamond.

Answer 10

Diamond is the purest form of carbon with a density of 3.52 and it is transparent to X-rays. It is the hardest substance known.

Question 11

Uses of diamond.

Answer 11

1. It is used as a precious gem in jewellery.
2. It is for cutting glass and marble.
3. It is used to make high-quality thermometers.
4. It is used to make radaion-proof windows in space-craft.

Question 12

describe about graphite.

Answer 12

graphite is also called plumbago or black lead. It is good conductor of heat and electricity.

Question 13

Uses of graphite

Answer 13

1. It is used to make pencil lead.
2. It is good conductor of heat and electricity.
3. It is slippery so it is used as lubricant

Question 14

Physical properties of carbon

Answer 14

1. It is insoluble in water.
2. Carbon is black in color but diamond is colourless and transparent and graphite is black and opaque.
3. Diamond is the hardest substance known whereas graphite is soft.
4. Carbon is bad conductor of heat and electricity but graphite is a good conductor of heat and electricty.

Question 15

chemical properties of carbon

Answer 15

1. Combustion
2. Reducing property
3. Reaction with steam
4. Reaction with metal

Question 16

explain about chemical property of carbon : combustion

Answer 16

When carbon burns in excess amount of oxygen carbon dioxide is formed whereas if it is burnt on less amount of oxygen carbon monoxide if formed (CO)

Question 17

explain about the chemical property of carbon: reducing property.

Answer 17

carbon is a good reducing agent, when react with metal oxides it removes oxides from the metal and carbon monoxide is formed.
Carbon also react with quick lime and silica to form its respective carbide.