Carbon Flashcards
What % of CO2 is stored in plants/algae/coral/water?
93%
How much more carbon does the ocean store compared to what is in the atmosphere?
50x more
How much carbon reaches the sea floor?
0.1%
How much carbon does the ocean sequester each year?
2 billion metric tonnes
How much carbon do phytoplankton hold?
3 gigatonnes of carbon
How much carbon does the crust contain?
1 million pentagrams
How much carbon was released by Efyajokull eruption?
150,000-300,000 tonnes
How much carbon does the surface ocean hold?
900 gigatonnes
How long does Carbon remain in the atmosphere for?
2000 years
What did the IPCC predict the concentration of co2 in the atmosphere has increased by between 1750 and 2011?
40%
What was the highest temperature ever recorded in the Arctic?
38 degrees (June 2021)
How much warmer were Arctic ocean temperatures than they should’ve been?
14 degrees
By 2080 how many species of Bird are suspected to be affected by warming temperatures?
314
How much of the World’s energy is used in urban areas?
75%
How much carbon does London generate per annum?
1.7 million tonnes
In Peru, how many people were supplied with energy from solar panels between 2006-2016?
500,000
What percentage of the energy mix of the USA and France relies on fossil fuels?
80% USA compared to 50% France
In 2015, the UK used less energy compared to which previous year?
1998
Name 5 energy players?
OPEC (Organisation for the Petroleum Exporting Country)
Consumers
TNCs
Governments
Energy Companies
How many countries in OPEC?
12
Name an example of a TNC energy player?
Gazprom and BP
Until 1970, where did the UK get its coal from?
Yorkshire, Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire
How many years of coal reserve is left in the UK?
150
What is the UK energy use per capita compared to Norway?
2752kg of oil compared to 5854kg in Norway (Norway has the higher GDP)
In 2015 what were the UKs co2 emissions? Down from what?
7.13 tonnes down from 11.5 tonnes
In 2015, how much did shale gas contribute to US energy mix?
25%
By 2020, how much did oil company Petrobras aim to produce from Brazilian deepwater oil?
500,000 barrels a day
How much do tar sands provide for Canada?
40% of their energy mix
Where in Canada is surface mining occurring? How much has been mined?
Athabasca
Over 3.4%
In 2019/20, how much sugarcane did Brazil produce as a biofuel?
around 643 million metric tonnes
What biofuel is grown in the UK?
Rape
Which car company have introduced the use of hydrogen?
Toyota
How much range do electric vehicles have?
62-340 miles
How much could carbon capture cut emissions by?
19%
By 2040, how much energy will still come from oil and gas?
50%
How much has Hinkley Point C cost the UK?
£18 billion
How many solar panels sold in Kenya?
30,000
By the 19th century, what percentage of deciduous trees were lost in the UK?
over 90%
What % of deforestation is for soy, palm oil, beef and paper production?
50%
By 2015, what % of global forest cover was lost?
30%
What is an example of afforestation?
China’s tree north shelterbelt project which added 4500 km of green wall trees
What is an example of Grassland conversion?
The US Midwest - 2007-2015 biofuel rush
How many people depend on forests globally?
Over 1.6 million
Where has coral bleaching occurred?
Great Barrier Reef - A majority of 320 reefs were experiencing bleaching
How many people do coral reefs support through tourism?
70,000
Precipitation increased in the Yukon river between when and when?
1950 and 1998
How much carbon do mangroves sequester per annum?
1.5 metric tonnes
What % of marine species do coral reefs shelter?
25%
When was carbon tax introduced in the UK?
2015
What is a UK example of renewable switching?
The Climate Change Levy introduced 2001
What is the only example of large scale carbon capture?
Canadas boundary dam
Global Stakeholder - what does the UN say must happen to global emissions?
They must peak by 2025 and decline by 43% by 2030
National - How have Shell adapted to using renewable energies to power their oil rigs?
In Malaysia, 2 plants rely on solar and wind power
Local - Which UK group try to help energy security?
Winchesters WinACC
Public - name an online petitioning site that tries to tackle energy problems?
the 38 degrees campaign
When was the Kyoto agreement signed?
1997
How many nations signed the 2015 Paris Agreement?
195
How many trees killed by drought in Amazon in 2015?
2.5billion
How much mangrove forest has been lost globally since 1950?
Half
How many people are supported by fishing?
500 million
90% in developing countries
What is the consequence of phytoplankton dying?
North Atlantic cod have nothing to eat
Why does the USA consume more energy than France?
Population (327 million compared to 70 million)
Climate - USA has more extreme weather
GDP - $65,000 compared to $40,000
How much of their Gas do Gazprom export to Europe?
80%
How long is the Nord Stream Pipeline and how much did it cost? Who uses it?
1200km
€10 billion
Gazprom
Following Nigerian pipelines being bombed by pirates, how many barrels of crude oil were lost per day?
300,000
Where is UKs biggest solar farm? How much land covered? Cost?
Christchurch in Dorset
175 football pitches
£50 million
How many homes are powered by Horsena Project 1?
1 million
When were Greenpeace founded?
1971
How much do WinACC aim to cut winchesters emissions by 2030?
66%
