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Geography 2024 A level > Carbon > Flashcards

Carbon Flashcards

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1
Q

What % of CO2 is stored in plants/algae/coral/water?

A

93%

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2
Q

How much more carbon does the ocean store compared to what is in the atmosphere?

A

50x more

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3
Q

How much carbon reaches the sea floor?

A

0.1%

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4
Q

How much carbon does the ocean sequester each year?

A

2 billion metric tonnes

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5
Q

How much carbon do phytoplankton hold?

A

3 gigatonnes of carbon

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6
Q

How much carbon does the crust contain?

A

1 million pentagrams

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7
Q

How much carbon was released by Efyajokull eruption?

A

150,000-300,000 tonnes

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8
Q

How much carbon does the surface ocean hold?

A

900 gigatonnes

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9
Q

How long does Carbon remain in the atmosphere for?

A

2000 years

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10
Q

What did the IPCC predict the concentration of co2 in the atmosphere has increased by between 1750 and 2011?

A

40%

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11
Q

What was the highest temperature ever recorded in the Arctic?

A

38 degrees (June 2021)

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12
Q

How much warmer were Arctic ocean temperatures than they should’ve been?

A

14 degrees

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13
Q

By 2080 how many species of Bird are suspected to be affected by warming temperatures?

A

314

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14
Q

How much of the World’s energy is used in urban areas?

A

75%

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15
Q

How much carbon does London generate per annum?

A

1.7 million tonnes

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16
Q

In Peru, how many people were supplied with energy from solar panels between 2006-2016?

A

500,000

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17
Q

What percentage of the energy mix of the USA and France relies on fossil fuels?

A

80% USA compared to 50% France

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18
Q

In 2015, the UK used less energy compared to which previous year?

A

1998

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19
Q

Name 5 energy players?

A

OPEC (Organisation for the Petroleum Exporting Country)
Consumers
TNCs
Governments
Energy Companies

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20
Q

How many countries in OPEC?

A

12

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21
Q

Name an example of a TNC energy player?

A

Gazprom and BP

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22
Q

Until 1970, where did the UK get its coal from?

A

Yorkshire, Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire

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23
Q

How many years of coal reserve is left in the UK?

A

150

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24
Q

What is the UK energy use per capita compared to Norway?

A

2752kg of oil compared to 5854kg in Norway (Norway has the higher GDP)

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25
Q

In 2015 what were the UKs co2 emissions? Down from what?

A

7.13 tonnes down from 11.5 tonnes

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26
Q

In 2015, how much did shale gas contribute to US energy mix?

A

25%

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27
Q

By 2020, how much did oil company Petrobras aim to produce from Brazilian deepwater oil?

A

500,000 barrels a day

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28
Q

How much do tar sands provide for Canada?

A

40% of their energy mix

29
Q

Where in Canada is surface mining occurring? How much has been mined?

A

Athabasca
Over 3.4%

30
Q

In 2019/20, how much sugarcane did Brazil produce as a biofuel?

A

around 643 million metric tonnes

31
Q

What biofuel is grown in the UK?

A

Rape

32
Q

Which car company have introduced the use of hydrogen?

A

Toyota

33
Q

How much range do electric vehicles have?

A

62-340 miles

34
Q

How much could carbon capture cut emissions by?

A

19%

35
Q

By 2040, how much energy will still come from oil and gas?

A

50%

36
Q

How much has Hinkley Point C cost the UK?

A

£18 billion

37
Q

How many solar panels sold in Kenya?

A

30,000

38
Q

By the 19th century, what percentage of deciduous trees were lost in the UK?

A

over 90%

39
Q

What % of deforestation is for soy, palm oil, beef and paper production?

A

50%

40
Q

By 2015, what % of global forest cover was lost?

A

30%

41
Q

What is an example of afforestation?

A

China’s tree north shelterbelt project which added 4500 km of green wall trees

42
Q

What is an example of Grassland conversion?

A

The US Midwest - 2007-2015 biofuel rush

43
Q

How many people depend on forests globally?

A

Over 1.6 million

44
Q

Where has coral bleaching occurred?

A

Great Barrier Reef - A majority of 320 reefs were experiencing bleaching

45
Q

How many people do coral reefs support through tourism?

A

70,000

46
Q

Precipitation increased in the Yukon river between when and when?

A

1950 and 1998

47
Q

How much carbon do mangroves sequester per annum?

A

1.5 metric tonnes

48
Q

What % of marine species do coral reefs shelter?

A

25%

49
Q

When was carbon tax introduced in the UK?

A

2015

50
Q

What is a UK example of renewable switching?

A

The Climate Change Levy introduced 2001

51
Q

What is the only example of large scale carbon capture?

A

Canadas boundary dam

52
Q

Global Stakeholder - what does the UN say must happen to global emissions?

A

They must peak by 2025 and decline by 43% by 2030

53
Q

National - How have Shell adapted to using renewable energies to power their oil rigs?

A

In Malaysia, 2 plants rely on solar and wind power

54
Q

Local - Which UK group try to help energy security?

A

Winchesters WinACC

55
Q

Public - name an online petitioning site that tries to tackle energy problems?

A

the 38 degrees campaign

56
Q

When was the Kyoto agreement signed?

A

1997

57
Q

How many nations signed the 2015 Paris Agreement?

A

195

58
Q

How many trees killed by drought in Amazon in 2015?

A

2.5billion

59
Q

How much mangrove forest has been lost globally since 1950?

A

Half

60
Q

How many people are supported by fishing?

A

500 million
90% in developing countries

61
Q

What is the consequence of phytoplankton dying?

A

North Atlantic cod have nothing to eat

62
Q

Why does the USA consume more energy than France?

A

Population (327 million compared to 70 million)
Climate - USA has more extreme weather
GDP - $65,000 compared to $40,000

63
Q

How much of their Gas do Gazprom export to Europe?

A

80%

64
Q

How long is the Nord Stream Pipeline and how much did it cost? Who uses it?

A

1200km
€10 billion
Gazprom

65
Q

Following Nigerian pipelines being bombed by pirates, how many barrels of crude oil were lost per day?

A

300,000

66
Q

Where is UKs biggest solar farm? How much land covered? Cost?

A

Christchurch in Dorset
175 football pitches
£50 million

67
Q

How many homes are powered by Horsena Project 1?

A

1 million

68
Q

When were Greenpeace founded?

A

1971

69
Q

How much do WinACC aim to cut winchesters emissions by 2030?

A

66%

Geography 2024 A level (4 decks)

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