Carbohydrates & Lipids Flashcards
Unit 2: Biomolecules
What does Carbon allow?
Carbon contains four electrons in is outer shell allowing it to form four covalent bonds with other elements
What bonds are the strongest?
Covalent Bonds! Carbon based molecules are very stable
Are carbon chains straight?
No! They aren’t due to bond angles
Define Carbohydrates
They are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and have a general fomula of CH2O
Define Macromolecules
They have a very large number of atoms
How are macromolecules created?
They are created by linking together subunits called monomers.
What forms polymers?
Condensation Reactions!
Define condensation reactions
They are a reaction that links two molecules together and releases a smaller molecule.
What’s needed in the condensation reaction?
Energy (ATP)
Define polysaccharides
A condensation reactions that keep adding more and more monomer links
Example of a polysaccharides
Starch, glycogen and cellulose
Define glycosidic bonds
The bond that links the glucose (Glucose + Glucose + Glucose …)
What do deconstruction of polymers provide?
They can provide energy or to reuse parts for new construction
What deconstructs?
Hyrolysis reactions
What are monosaccharides?
Suagars with between 3 and 7 carbon atoms.
Charateristics of monosaccharides
They (especially glucose) are soluble so easy to transport