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Biology: Biological Molecules (1) > Carbohydrates (A) > Flashcards

Carbohydrates (A) Flashcards

Monosaccharides and disaccharides

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1
Q

What are monosaccharides?

A

The monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made

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2
Q

Types of monosaccharides

A

Glucose
Galactose
Fructose

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3
Q

What are monosaccharides used for?

A

Respiration to provide energy
Used as monomers in the synthesis of larger molecules

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4
Q

What are disaccharides?

A

Carbohydrates formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides

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5
Q

What type of reaction happens between two monosaccharides?

A

A condensation reaction

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6
Q

What type of chemical bond is formed during a condensation reaction?

A

A glycosidic bond

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7
Q

Types of disaccharides

A

Maltose
Sucrose
Lactose

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8
Q

How is maltose formed?

A

The condensation of two glucose molecules

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9
Q

How is sucrose formed?

A

The condensation of a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule

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10
Q

How is lactose formed?

A

The condensation of a glucose molecule and a galactose molecule

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11
Q

monosaccharide + monosaccharide →

A

disaccharide + water

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12
Q

C₆H₁₂O₆ + C₆H₁₂O₆ →

A

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂O

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13
Q

disaccharide + water →

A

monosaccharide + monosaccharide

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14
Q

How many isomers does glucose have?
What are the isomers of glucose?

A

2
Alpha glucose
Beta glucose

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15
Q

What is an isomer?

A

Molecules that have the same molecular formula but a different structure

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16
Q

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂O →

A

C₆H₁₂O₆ + C₆H₁₂O₆

17
Q

What are the ways of performing hydrolysis?

A

Boiling with acid
Use of an enzyme at an optimum temperature

18
Q

What are the ways carbohydrates can be classified?

A

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides

Biology: Biological Molecules (1) (6 decks)

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