Carbohydrates (A) Flashcards
Monosaccharides and disaccharides
What are monosaccharides?
The monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made
Types of monosaccharides
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose
What are monosaccharides used for?
Respiration to provide energy
Used as monomers in the synthesis of larger molecules
What are disaccharides?
Carbohydrates formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides
What type of reaction happens between two monosaccharides?
A condensation reaction
What type of chemical bond is formed during a condensation reaction between two monosaccharides?
A glycosidic bond
Types of disaccharides
Maltose
Sucrose
Lactose
How is maltose formed?
The condensation of two glucose molecules
How is sucrose formed?
The condensation of a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule
How is lactose formed?
The condensation of a glucose molecule and a galactose molecule
monosaccharide + monosaccharide →
disaccharide + water
C₆H₁₂O₆ + C₆H₁₂O₆ →
C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂O
disaccharide + water →
monosaccharide + monosaccharide
How many isomers does glucose have?
What are the isomers of glucose?
2
Alpha glucose
Beta glucose
What is an isomer?
Molecules that have the same molecular formula but a different structure