Carbohydrates

Question 1

Vocab

Answer 1

polymer- a chain of repeating units
monomer- building blocks molecule of polymer
macromolecule- large organic polymers
isomers- compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula
functional groups- region of organic molecules which are chemically reactive

Question 2

Carbohydrates

Answer 2

structure = carbon skeleton
formula = CH2On

Question 3

Monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose)

Answer 3

• CH2O formula
• multiple hydroxyl groups and 1 carbonyl group: aldehyde sugar ketone sugar
• cellular respiration
• raw material for amino acids and fatty acids

Question 4

Disaccharides (sucrose, maltose, lactose)

Answer 4

• glycosidic linkage (covalent bond) between 2 monosaccharides
• covalent bond by condensation reaction

Question 5

Condensation and Hydrolysis

Answer 5

Condensation- water is removed to build

Hydrolysis- water is added to split

Question 6

Polysaccharides - a chain of monosaccharides

Answer 6

starch and Cellulose

Question 7

Function in Animals

Answer 7

Glucose- chemical fuel for cell respiration
Lactose- make up some of the solutes in milk
Glycogen- stores glucose in liver and muscles

Question 8

Function in Plants

Answer 8

Fructose- found in many fruits make them sweet
Sucrose- often transported from leaves of plants to other locations in plants by vascular tissue
Cellulose- primary component of cell wall