CARBOHYDRATES

Question 1

are widely distributed in plant tissues and are also found in animal tissues like liver and muscles

Answer 1

-Carbohydrates

Question 2

-primary/most important source of energy in the form of glycogen or from the diet.

Answer 2

-Carbohydrates

Question 3

-stored form of glucose, made up of many connected glucose molecules

Answer 3

Glycogen

Question 4

your bodys main source of energy. It comes from carbohydrates (a macronutrient) in
certain foods and fluids you consume.

Answer 4

-Glucose

Question 5

most common non-reducing sugar

Answer 5

sucrose-

Question 6

method of representing the three-dimensional structures of molecules on
a page

Answer 6

Fisher Projection-

Question 7

is a short form of dextrorotatory glucose. It is one of the two stereo isomers of
glucose, and is the one that is biologically active. It occurs in plants as a product of
photosynthesis.

Answer 7

D-glucose

Question 8

is less biologically active and less common. In higher forms of organisms, is not produced naturally.

Answer 8

L-glucose

Question 9

a convenient notation for showing the structure of sugars.
- cyclic structure of monosaccharides

Answer 9

Haworth Projection

Question 10

Classification Carbohydrates

Answer 10

1.Monosaccharides or simple sugars
2. Disaccharides
3.Polysaccharides

Question 11

Sugar that cannot be hydrolyzed to a simpler form, Sugar that contains 3, 4, 5, 6 carbon atoms

Answer 11

1.Monosaccharides or simple sugars

Question 12

Monosaccharides or simple sugars examples

Answer 12

fructose, glucose, galactose

Question 13

Formed by interaction of two monosaccharides

Answer 13

Disaccharides

Question 14

glucose + glucose

Answer 14

Maltose

Question 15

glucose + galactose

Answer 15

Lactose

Question 16

glucose + fructose

Answer 16

Sucrose

Question 17

Linkage of many monosaccharide units
Include starch, glycogen and cellulose

Answer 17

Polysaccharides

Question 18

Primary hormone responsible for decreasing blood glucose

Answer 18

INSULIN

Question 19

Primary hormone responsible increasing blood glucose

Answer 19

GLUCAGON

Question 20

___ in the pancreas regulates glycemia,

Answer 20

Islets of Langerhans

Question 21

adrenaline, is both a neurotransmitter and a hormone. It plays an important role in your bodys “fight-or-flight” response. It's also used as a medication to treat many life-threatening
conditions.

Answer 21

EPINEPRHINE

Question 22

stress hormone, increased when you are stress out. (balanced)

Answer 22

CORTISOL-

Question 23

the major endocrine gland, the “master gland” A pea-sized body attached to the base of the brain,

Answer 23

pituitary gland

Question 24

Produced by the anterior pituitary gland; governs our height, bone length and muscle growth.

Answer 24

GROWTH HORMONE-

Question 25

stimulate the adrenal glands to release cortisol.

Answer 25

ACTH –Adrenocorticotropic hormone-

Question 26

occurs when a pituitary adenoma, a noncancerous (benign) tumor on pituitary gland,
makes too much adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 26

Cushing disease

Question 27

occurs as a part of stress response in acute illnesses and is brought
about by elevated levels of counter regulatory hormones.

Answer 27

Transient Hyperglycemia

Question 28

In ____ disease, the adrenal gland is damaged, and not enough cortisol and aldosterone are
produced

Answer 28

Addison’s disease

Question 29

-regulates sodium homeostasis.

Answer 29

Aldosterone

Question 30

-occurs as a part of stress response in acute illnesses and is brought
about by elevated levels of counter regulatory hormones. healthy infants experience this as a part of the normal adaption to
extrauterine life,

Answer 30

Transient Hypoglycemia

Question 31

glucose being broken down into pyruvate and takes place in the cytoplasm. This is considered the first step in aerobic and anaerobic respiration and is significant in providing energy to cells.

Answer 31

Glycolysis

Question 32

s described as the reverse of glycolysis. Its mechanism revolves around generating glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors like amnino acids, glycerol and lactate.

Answer 32

Gluconeogenesis

Question 33

the process of breaking down glycogen into glucose, which is then used by the body for energy.

Answer 33

Glycogenolysis

Question 34

the process of converting glucose into glycogen, a primary carbohydrate stored in the body’s liver and muscles

Answer 34

Glycogenesis

Question 35

a metabolic process that converts fatty acids and glycerol into fats, or acetyl-CoA into triglycerides, for storage in fat

Answer 35

Lipogenesis

Question 36

a metabolic process that breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 36

Lipolysis